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Illinois Compiled Statutes

Information maintained by the Legislative Reference Bureau
Updating the database of the Illinois Compiled Statutes (ILCS) is an ongoing process. Recent laws may not yet be included in the ILCS database, but they are found on this site as Public Acts soon after they become law. For information concerning the relationship between statutes and Public Acts, refer to the Guide.

Because the statute database is maintained primarily for legislative drafting purposes, statutory changes are sometimes included in the statute database before they take effect. If the source note at the end of a Section of the statutes includes a Public Act that has not yet taken effect, the version of the law that is currently in effect may have already been removed from the database and you should refer to that Public Act to see the changes made to the current law.

VEHICLES
(625 ILCS 5/) Illinois Vehicle Code.

625 ILCS 5/12-214.1

    (625 ILCS 5/12-214.1)
    Sec. 12-214.1. Tow trucks meeting federal motor carrier safety requirements; lighting and signalling equipment. Any tow truck that meets the requirements of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations of the United States Department of Transportation, regarding lighting and signalling equipment required on commercial motor vehicles, shall be deemed to comply with the provisions of this Chapter regarding required lighting and signalling equipment.
(Source: P.A. 89-433, eff. 12-15-95.)

625 ILCS 5/12-215

    (625 ILCS 5/12-215)
    Sec. 12-215. Oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights on motor vehicles. Except as otherwise provided in this Code:
    (a) The use of red or white oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights, whether lighted or unlighted, is prohibited except on:
        1. Law enforcement vehicles of State, federal, or
    
local authorities;
        2. A vehicle operated by a police officer or county
    
coroner and designated or authorized by local authorities, in writing, as a law enforcement vehicle; however, such designation or authorization must be carried in the vehicle;
        2.1. A vehicle operated by a fire chief, deputy fire
    
chief, or assistant fire chief who has completed an emergency vehicle operation training course approved by the Office of the State Fire Marshal and designated or authorized by local authorities, fire departments, or fire protection districts, in writing, as a fire department, fire protection district, or township fire department vehicle; however, the designation or authorization must be carried in the vehicle, and the lights may be visible or activated only when responding to a bona fide emergency;
        3. Vehicles of local fire departments and State or
    
federal firefighting vehicles;
        4. Vehicles which are designed and used exclusively
    
as ambulances or rescue vehicles; furthermore, such lights shall not be lighted except when responding to an emergency call for and while actually conveying the sick or injured;
        4.5. Vehicles which are occasionally used as rescue
    
vehicles that have been authorized for use as rescue vehicles by a volunteer EMS provider, provided that the operator of the vehicle has successfully completed an emergency vehicle operation training course recognized by the Department of Public Health; furthermore, the lights shall not be lighted except when responding to an emergency call for the sick or injured;
        5. Tow trucks licensed in a state that requires such
    
lights; furthermore, such lights shall not be lighted on any such tow truck while the tow truck is operating in the State of Illinois;
        6. Vehicles of the Illinois Emergency Management
    
Agency, vehicles of the Office of the Illinois State Fire Marshal, vehicles of the Illinois Department of Public Health, vehicles of the Illinois Department of Corrections, and vehicles of the Illinois Department of Juvenile Justice;
        7. Vehicles operated by a local or county emergency
    
management services agency as defined in the Illinois Emergency Management Agency Act;
        8. School buses operating alternately flashing head
    
lamps as permitted under Section 12-805 of this Code;
        9. Vehicles that are equipped and used exclusively as
    
organ transplant vehicles when used in combination with blue oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights; furthermore, these lights shall be lighted only when the transportation is declared an emergency by a member of the transplant team or a representative of the organ procurement organization;
        10. Vehicles of the Illinois Department of Natural
    
Resources that are used for mine rescue and explosives emergency response;
        11. Vehicles of the Illinois Department of
    
Transportation identified as Emergency Traffic Patrol; the lights shall not be lighted except when responding to an emergency call or when parked or stationary while engaged in motor vehicle assistance or at the scene of the emergency; and
        12. Vehicles of the Illinois State Toll Highway
    
Authority with a gross vehicle weight rating of 9,000 pounds or more and those identified as Highway Emergency Lane Patrol; the lights shall not be lighted except when responding to an emergency call or when parked or stationary while engaged in motor vehicle assistance or at the scene of the emergency.
    (b) The use of amber oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights, whether lighted or unlighted, is prohibited except on:
        1. Second division vehicles designed and used for
    
towing or hoisting vehicles; furthermore, such lights shall not be lighted except as required in this paragraph 1; such lights shall be lighted when such vehicles are actually being used at the scene of a crash or disablement; if the towing vehicle is equipped with a flat bed that supports all wheels of the vehicle being transported, the lights shall not be lighted while the vehicle is engaged in towing on a highway; if the towing vehicle is not equipped with a flat bed that supports all wheels of a vehicle being transported, the lights shall be lighted while the towing vehicle is engaged in towing on a highway during all times when the use of headlights is required under Section 12-201 of this Code; in addition, these vehicles may use white oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights in combination with amber oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights as provided in this paragraph;
        2. Motor vehicles or equipment of the State of
    
Illinois, the Illinois State Toll Highway Authority, local authorities, and contractors; furthermore, such lights shall not be lighted except while such vehicles are engaged in maintenance or construction operations within the limits of construction projects;
        3. Vehicles or equipment used by engineering or
    
survey crews; furthermore, such lights shall not be lighted except while such vehicles are actually engaged in work on a highway;
        4. Vehicles of public utilities, municipalities, or
    
other construction, maintenance, or automotive service vehicles except that such lights shall be lighted only as a means for indicating the presence of a vehicular traffic hazard requiring unusual care in approaching, overtaking, or passing while such vehicles are engaged in maintenance, service, or construction on a highway;
        5. Oversized vehicle or load; however, such lights
    
shall only be lighted when moving under permit issued by the Department under Section 15-301 of this Code;
        6. The front and rear of motorized equipment owned
    
and operated by the State of Illinois or any political subdivision thereof, which is designed and used for removal of snow and ice from highways;
        6.1. The front and rear of motorized equipment or
    
vehicles that (i) are not owned by the State of Illinois or any political subdivision of the State, (ii) are designed and used for removal of snow and ice from highways and parking lots, and (iii) are equipped with a snow plow that is 12 feet in width; these lights may not be lighted except when the motorized equipment or vehicle is actually being used for those purposes on behalf of a unit of government;
        7. Fleet safety vehicles registered in another state,
    
furthermore, such lights shall not be lighted except as provided for in Section 12-212 of this Code;
        8. Such other vehicles as may be authorized by local
    
authorities;
        9. Law enforcement vehicles of State or local
    
authorities when used in combination with red oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights;
        9.5. Propane delivery trucks;
        10. Vehicles used for collecting or delivering mail
    
for the United States Postal Service provided that such lights shall not be lighted except when such vehicles are actually being used for such purposes;
        10.5. Vehicles of the Office of the Illinois State
    
Fire Marshal, provided that such lights shall not be lighted except for when such vehicles are engaged in work for the Office of the Illinois State Fire Marshal;
        11. Any vehicle displaying a slow-moving vehicle
    
emblem as provided in Section 12-205.1;
        12. All trucks equipped with self-compactors or
    
roll-off hoists and roll-on containers for garbage, recycling, or refuse hauling. Such lights shall not be lighted except when such vehicles are actually being used for such purposes;
        13. Vehicles used by a security company, alarm
    
responder, control agency, or the Illinois Department of Corrections;
        14. Security vehicles of the Department of Human
    
Services; however, the lights shall not be lighted except when being used for security related purposes under the direction of the superintendent of the facility where the vehicle is located; and
        15. Vehicles of union representatives, except that
    
the lights shall be lighted only while the vehicle is within the limits of a construction project.
    (c) The use of blue oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights, whether lighted or unlighted, is prohibited except on:
        1. Rescue squad vehicles not owned by a fire
    
department or fire protection district and vehicles owned or operated by a:
            voluntary firefighter;
            paid firefighter;
            part-paid firefighter;
            call firefighter;
            member of the board of trustees of a fire
        
protection district;
            paid or unpaid member of a rescue squad;
            paid or unpaid member of a voluntary ambulance
        
unit; or
            paid or unpaid members of a local or county
        
emergency management services agency as defined in the Illinois Emergency Management Agency Act, designated or authorized by local authorities, in writing, and carrying that designation or authorization in the vehicle.
        However, such lights are not to be lighted except
    
when responding to a bona fide emergency or when parked or stationary at the scene of a fire, rescue call, ambulance call, or motor vehicle crash.
        Any person using these lights in accordance with this
    
subdivision (c)1 must carry on his or her person an identification card or letter identifying the bona fide member of a fire department, fire protection district, rescue squad, ambulance unit, or emergency management services agency that owns or operates that vehicle. The card or letter must include:
            (A) the name of the fire department, fire
        
protection district, rescue squad, ambulance unit, or emergency management services agency;
            (B) the member's position within the fire
        
department, fire protection district, rescue squad, ambulance unit, or emergency management services agency;
            (C) the member's term of service; and
            (D) the name of a person within the fire
        
department, fire protection district, rescue squad, ambulance unit, or emergency management services agency to contact to verify the information provided.
        2. Police department vehicles in cities having a
    
population of 500,000 or more inhabitants.
        3. Law enforcement vehicles of State or local
    
authorities when used in combination with red oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights.
        4. Vehicles of local fire departments and State or
    
federal firefighting vehicles when used in combination with red oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights.
        5. Vehicles which are designed and used exclusively
    
as ambulances or rescue vehicles when used in combination with red oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights; furthermore, such lights shall not be lighted except when responding to an emergency call.
        6. Vehicles that are equipped and used exclusively as
    
organ transport vehicles when used in combination with red oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights; furthermore, these lights shall only be lighted when the transportation is declared an emergency by a member of the transplant team or a representative of the organ procurement organization.
        7. Vehicles of the Illinois Emergency Management
    
Agency, vehicles of the Office of the Illinois State Fire Marshal, vehicles of the Illinois Department of Public Health, vehicles of the Illinois Department of Corrections, and vehicles of the Illinois Department of Juvenile Justice, when used in combination with red oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights.
        8. Vehicles operated by a local or county emergency
    
management services agency as defined in the Illinois Emergency Management Agency Act, when used in combination with red oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights.
        9. Vehicles of the Illinois Department of Natural
    
Resources that are used for mine rescue and explosives emergency response, when used in combination with red oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights.
    (c-1) In addition to the blue oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights permitted under subsection (c), and notwithstanding subsection (a), a vehicle operated by a voluntary firefighter, a voluntary member of a rescue squad, or a member of a voluntary ambulance unit may be equipped with flashing white headlights and blue grill lights, which may be used only in responding to an emergency call or when parked or stationary at the scene of a fire, rescue call, ambulance call, or motor vehicle crash.
    (c-2) In addition to the blue oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights permitted under subsection (c), and notwithstanding subsection (a), a vehicle operated by a paid or unpaid member of a local or county emergency management services agency as defined in the Illinois Emergency Management Agency Act, may be equipped with white oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights to be used in combination with blue oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights, if authorization by local authorities is in writing and carried in the vehicle.
    (d) The use of a combination of amber and white oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights, whether lighted or unlighted, is prohibited except on second division vehicles designed and used for towing or hoisting vehicles or motor vehicles or equipment of the State of Illinois, local authorities, contractors, and union representatives; furthermore, such lights shall not be lighted on second division vehicles designed and used for towing or hoisting vehicles or vehicles of the State of Illinois, local authorities, and contractors except while such vehicles are engaged in a tow operation, highway maintenance, or construction operations within the limits of highway construction projects, and shall not be lighted on the vehicles of union representatives except when those vehicles are within the limits of a construction project.
    (e) All oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights referred to in this Section shall be of sufficient intensity, when illuminated, to be visible at 500 feet in normal sunlight.
    (f) Nothing in this Section shall prohibit a manufacturer of oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights or his representative or authorized vendor from temporarily mounting such lights on a vehicle for demonstration purposes only. If the lights are not covered while the vehicle is operated upon a highway, the vehicle shall display signage indicating that the vehicle is out of service or not an emergency vehicle. The signage shall be displayed on all sides of the vehicle in letters at least 2 inches tall and one-half inch wide. A vehicle authorized to have oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights mounted for demonstration purposes may not activate the lights while the vehicle is operated upon a highway.
    (g) Any person violating the provisions of subsection (a), (b), (c), or (d) of this Section who without lawful authority stops or detains or attempts to stop or detain another person shall be guilty of a Class 2 felony.
    (h) Except as provided in subsection (g) above, any person violating the provisions of subsection (a) or (c) of this Section shall be guilty of a Class A misdemeanor.
(Source: P.A. 102-842, eff. 1-1-23; 102-982, eff. 7-1-23; 103-154, eff. 6-30-23.)

625 ILCS 5/12-215.1

    (625 ILCS 5/12-215.1)
    Sec. 12-215.1. Possession of oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights in motor vehicles; police equipment, markings, and other indicia of emergency vehicle authority.
    (a) A person, except those given exceptions in Section 12-215 or 12-609 of this Code, may not possess or be in actual physical control of oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights or other indicia of emergency vehicle authority within any portion of a motor vehicle, including but not limited to wig-wags, red and blue LEDs, sirens, mounted or affixed devices or other equipment, markings or indicia of emergency vehicle authority.
    (b) A person found guilty of violating this Section is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor.
    (c) Oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights and any other equipment, markings, or indicia of emergency vehicle authority shall be seized by the law enforcement officer at the time of a violation of this Section or of Section 12-215 or 12-609 of this Code upon any legal search. The officer may seize the vehicle containing the prohibited device or mechanism, and this device or mechanism shall be removed and held for evidentiary purposes. When the device or mechanism is no longer needed for evidence, the defendant may petition the court for the return of the device or mechanism. The defendant must prove to the court by a preponderance of the evidence that the device or mechanism will be used for a legitimate and lawful purpose.
(Source: P.A. 98-468, eff. 8-16-13.)

625 ILCS 5/12-216

    (625 ILCS 5/12-216) (from Ch. 95 1/2, par. 12-216)
    Sec. 12-216. Operation of oscillating, rotating or flashing lights. Oscillating, rotating or flashing lights located on or within police vehicles in this State shall be lighted whenever a police officer is in pursuit of a violator of a traffic law or regulation.
(Source: P.A. 85-830.)

625 ILCS 5/12-217

    (625 ILCS 5/12-217) (from Ch. 95 1/2, par. 12-217)
    Sec. 12-217. Special lighting equipment for interstate transportation authority. (a) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Chapter, an interstate transportation authority, as defined in this Section, in addition to headlights and other required or authorized lighting, may affix to the top front of its buses, 2 sets of lights, each containing up to 5 stationary lights, of different colors, including the colors white, yellow, blue, green and purple, and excepting, however, the color red. Such lights shall be located symmetrically above the windshield with one set of lights on each side of the headsign and may reflect an intensity of up to 64 candlepower each. Provided further however, that normally no more than 3 of such colored lights on each set of lights may be on or displayed at any one time. Such lights shall be stationary only, and shall not be oscillating, rotating, or flashing. The lights shall be displayed only on the top front of such buses, lighted in various combinations to indicate the route, the destination, and the express or local nature of the service.
    (b) As used herein, the term "interstate transportation authority" shall mean any body, agency, entity, or political subdivision created by compact between Illinois and another state, which is a body corporate and politic, and which operates a public mass transportation or transit system.
(Source: P.A. 85-1144.)

625 ILCS 5/12-218

    (625 ILCS 5/12-218)
    Sec. 12-218. Auxiliary accent lighting on motorcycles.
    (a) A motorcycle registered in this State may be equipped with, and a person operating the motorcycle may use, standard bulb running lights or light-emitting diode (L.E.D.) pods and strips as auxiliary lighting with the intent of protecting the driver.
    (b) Auxiliary lighting authorized under subsection (a) of this Section:
        (1) shall not project a beam of light of an
    
intensity greater than 25 candlepower or its equivalent from a single lamp or single light-emitting diode (L.E.D.);
        (2) shall not be directed horizontally;
        (3) shall be so directed that no part of the beam
    
will strike the level of the surface on which the motorcycle stands at a distance of more than 10 feet from the motorcycle;
        (4) shall be directed towards the ground;
        (5) shall not emit blue light, but may emit red
    
light only while the stop lamp on the motorcycle is illuminated and motorcycle is in the course of braking;
        (6) shall not be:
            (A) blinking;
            (B) flashing;
            (C) oscillating; or
            (D) rotating; and
        (7) shall not be attached to the wheels of the
    
motorcycle.
(Source: P.A. 103-374, eff. 1-1-24.)

625 ILCS 5/12-218.5

    (625 ILCS 5/12-218.5)
    Sec. 12-218.5. Optional lighting on motorcycles.
    (a) A motorcycle may be equipped with 2 forward facing electric turn signals mounted on or near the handlebar grip assembly, or on the front fork assembly, or front fender shroud. The lamps shall be mounted on the same level and as widely spaced laterally as practicable, and when signaling, shall emit a white or amber light.
    (b) A motorcycle may be equipped with 2 forward facing electric driving lights which display a steady-on white or amber light. These lights may be in addition to but not in lieu of the required lamps on motorcycles under Section 12-201 and may be used either when the provisions of Section 12-201 are required or not required. The driving lights under this subsection (b) may by the same lamp housing specified under subsection (a) which shall only be actuated to a flashing signal to comply with the requirements of Section 12-208.
(Source: P.A. 103-374, eff. 1-1-24.)

625 ILCS 5/Ch. 12 Art. III

 
    (625 ILCS 5/Ch. 12 Art. III heading)
ARTICLE III. BRAKES

625 ILCS 5/12-301

    (625 ILCS 5/12-301) (from Ch. 95 1/2, par. 12-301)
    Sec. 12-301. Brakes.
    (a) Brake equipment required.
        1. Every motor vehicle, other than a motor-driven
    
cycle, an antique vehicle displaying an antique plate, and an expanded-use antique vehicle displaying expanded-use antique vehicle plates, when operated upon a highway shall be equipped with brakes adequate to control the movement of and to stop and hold such vehicle, including 2 separate means of applying the brakes, each of which means shall be effective to apply the brakes to at least one wheel on a motorcycle and at least 2 wheels on all other first division and second division vehicles. If these 2 separate means of applying the brakes are connected in any way, they shall be so constructed that failure of any one part of the operating mechanism shall not leave the motor vehicle without brakes.
        2. Every motor-driven cycle when operated upon a
    
highway shall be equipped with at least one brake which may be operated by hand or foot.
        3. Every antique vehicle shall be equipped with the
    
brakes of the same type originally installed by the manufacturer as original equipment and in working order.
        4. Except as provided in paragraph 4.1, every trailer
    
or semitrailer of a gross weight of over 3,000 pounds, when operated upon a highway must be equipped with brakes adequate to control the movement of, to stop and to hold such vehicle, and designed so as to be operable by the driver of the towing vehicle from its cab. Such brakes must be so designed and connected that in case of an accidental breakaway of a towed vehicle over 5,000 pounds, the brakes are automatically applied.
        4.1. Every boat trailer of a gross weight of over
    
3,000 pounds, when operated upon a highway, must be equipped with brakes adequate to control the movement of, to stop, and to hold that boat trailer. The brakes must be designed to ensure that, in case of an accidental breakaway of a towed boat trailer over 5,000 pounds, the brakes are automatically applied.
        5. Every motor vehicle, expanded-use antique vehicle,
    
trailer, pole trailer or semitrailer, sold in this State or operated upon the highways shall be equipped with service brakes upon all wheels of every such vehicle, except any motor-driven cycle, and except that any trailer, pole trailer or semitrailer 3,000 pounds gross weight or less need not be equipped with brakes, and except that any trailer or semitrailer with gross weight over 3,000 pounds but under 5,001 pounds need be equipped with brakes on only one wheel on each side of the vehicle. Any motor vehicle and truck tractor having 3 or more axles and manufactured prior to July 25, 1980 need not have brakes on the front wheels, except when such vehicles are equipped with at least 2 steerable axles, the wheels of one such axle need not be equipped with brakes. However, a vehicle that is more than 30 years of age and which is driven on the highways only in going to and returning from an antique auto show or for servicing or for a demonstration need be equipped with 2 wheel brakes only.
    (b) Performance ability of brakes.
        1. The service brakes upon any motor vehicle or
    
combination of vehicles operating on a level surface shall be adequate to stop such vehicle or vehicles when traveling 20 miles per hour within a distance of 30 feet when upon dry asphalt or concrete pavement surface free from loose material.
        2. Under the above conditions the hand brake shall be
    
adequate to stop such vehicle or vehicles, except any motorcycle, within a distance of 55 feet and the hand brake shall be adequate to hold such vehicle or vehicles stationary on any grade upon which operated.
        3. Under the above conditions the service brakes upon
    
an antique vehicle or expanded-use antique vehicle shall be adequate to stop the vehicle within a distance of 40 feet and the hand brake adequate to stop the vehicle within a distance of 55 feet.
        4. All braking distances specified in this Section
    
apply to all vehicles mentioned, whether such vehicles are unloaded or are loaded to the maximum capacity permitted under this Act.
        5. All brakes shall be maintained in good working
    
order and shall be so adjusted as to operate as equally as practicable with respect to the wheels on opposite sides of the vehicle.
        6. Brake assembly requirements for mobile homes shall
    
be the standards required by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development adopted under Title VI of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974.
    (c) (Blank).
(Source: P.A. 96-487, eff. 1-1-10; 97-412, eff. 1-1-12.)

625 ILCS 5/12-302

    (625 ILCS 5/12-302) (from Ch. 95 1/2, par. 12-302)
    Sec. 12-302. Brake fluid.
    No person shall sell, offer for sale or distribute brake fluid for use on motor vehicles for repair purposes unless such fluid conforms to specifications prescribed by the Department.
(Source: P.A. 78-748.)

625 ILCS 5/Ch. 12 Art. IV

 
    (625 ILCS 5/Ch. 12 Art. IV heading)
ARTICLE IV. TIRES

625 ILCS 5/12-401

    (625 ILCS 5/12-401) (from Ch. 95 1/2, par. 12-401)
    Sec. 12-401. Restriction as to tire equipment. No metal tired vehicle, including tractors, motor vehicles of the second division, traction engines and other similar vehicles, shall be operated over any improved highway of this State, if such vehicle has on the periphery of any of the road wheels any block, stud, flange, cleat, ridge, lug or any projection of metal or wood which projects radially beyond the tread or traffic surface of the tire. This prohibition does not apply to pneumatic tires with metal studs used on vehicles operated by rural letter carriers who are employed or enjoy a contract with the United States Postal Service for the purpose of delivering mail if such vehicle is actually used for such purpose during operations between November 15 of any year and April 1 of the following year, or to motor vehicles displaying a disability license plate or a license plate for veterans with disabilities whose owner resides in an unincorporated area located upon a county or township highway or road and possesses a valid driver's license and operates the vehicle with such tires only during the period heretofore described, or to tracked type motor vehicles when that part of the vehicle coming in contact with the road surface does not contain any projections of any kind likely to injure the surface of the road; however, tractors, traction engines, and similar vehicles may be operated which have upon their road wheels V-shaped, diagonal or other cleats arranged in such a manner as to be continuously in contact with the road surface, provided that the gross weight upon such wheels per inch of width of such cleats in contact with the road surface, when measured in the direction of the axle of the vehicle, does not exceed 800 pounds.
    All motor vehicles and all other vehicles in tow thereof, or thereunto attached, operating upon any roadway, shall have tires of rubber or some material of equal resiliency. Solid tires shall be considered defective and shall not be permitted to be used if the rubber or other material has been worn or otherwise reduced to a thickness of less than three-fourths of an undue vibration when the vehicle is in motion or to cause undue concentration of the wheel load on the surface of the road. The requirements of this Section do not apply to agricultural tractors or traction engines or to agricultural machinery, including wagons being used for agricultural purposes in tow thereof, or to road rollers or road building machinery operated at a speed not in excess of 10 miles per hour. All motor vehicles of the second division, operating upon any roadway shall have pneumatic tires, unless exempted herein.
    Nothing in this Section shall be deemed to prohibit the use of tire chains of reasonable proportion upon any vehicle when required for safety because of snow, ice or other conditions tending to cause a vehicle to skid.
(Source: P.A. 99-143, eff. 7-27-15.)

625 ILCS 5/12-402

    (625 ILCS 5/12-402) (from Ch. 95 1/2, par. 12-402)
    Sec. 12-402. Sale or lease of siped or regrooved pneumatic tire. No person or organization shall sell or lease or offer for sale or lease, for use on a highway, any pneumatic tire, either original tread or retread, on which the tread is siped or regrooved to a depth equal to or deeper than the molded groove depth, unless the tire was constructed or retreaded with sufficient tread material and type of labels to permit such siping or regrooving. Such labels and siping or regrooving shall be in compliance with Part 569 of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations, and after siping or regrooving the tire shall conform to that Part.
    For the purpose of this Article, siped shall mean cut without removing material, and regrooved shall mean the tread groove pattern is renewed, or a new pattern generated, or both, without additional tread material being added.
(Source: P.A. 83-213.)

625 ILCS 5/12-403

    (625 ILCS 5/12-403) (from Ch. 95 1/2, par. 12-403)
    Sec. 12-403. Sale or lease of retreaded or "recapped" pneumatic tire. No person or organization shall sell or lease or offer for sale or lease, for use on a highway, any pneumatic tire produced or rebuilt by a process in which tread material is attached to a used tire, unless the tire, tread material, labelling and certification, before and after processing, conform to Part 571.117 of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations.
(Source: P.A. 83-213.)

625 ILCS 5/12-404

    (625 ILCS 5/12-404) (from Ch. 95 1/2, par. 12-404)
    Sec. 12-404. Sale or lease of pneumatic tire without marking. No person or organization shall sell or lease or offer for sale or lease, for use on a highway, any pneumatic tire that does not bear the special marking required by this Section.
    (a) Regrooved or siped tire. In addition to the identification, labelling and certification required under Section 12-402, either the word "regrooved" or the word "siped" shall be branded on each side of a pneumatic tire on which the tread is either regrooved or siped, as the case may be. In the case of a tire that is both regrooved and siped, the word "regrooved" alone on each side shall suffice, although both words may appear on each side. Each branding shall be conspicuous but shall be sized, located and applied so as not to weaken or damage the tire or otherwise degrade the performance of the tire or shorten its useful life.
    (b) Retreaded tire. In addition to the labelling, identification, certification and other marking required under Section 12-403, the word "retreaded" shall be branded or molded into or onto each side of a pneumatic tire that has been retreaded or "recapped". Each molding or branding shall be conspicuous but shall be sized, located and applied so as not to weaken or damage the tire or otherwise degrade the performance of the tire or shorten its useful life.
    (c) New tire. The labelling, identification, certification and other marking required by Part 571.109 of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations shall appear on each new pneumatic tire intended for use on a passenger car other than a multipurpose passenger vehicle. The labelling, identification, certification and other marking required by Part 571.119 of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations shall appear on each new pneumatic tire intended for use on either a multipurpose passenger vehicle or other type of vehicle that is not a passenger car.
(Source: P.A. 83-213.)

625 ILCS 5/12-405

    (625 ILCS 5/12-405) (from Ch. 95 1/2, par. 12-405)
    Sec. 12-405. Operating condition of pneumatic tires. (a) Definition. The term "spare tire" as used in this Section 12-405 means any new, used or specially constructed tire that is either carried or installed for short term emergency use.
    (b) Promulgated Rules. The Department shall promulgate rules concerning unsafe operating conditions of pneumatic tires. The rules shall be enforced by police officers by visual inspection of tires, including visual comparison with simple measuring scales or gauges. The rules shall include precepts and standards for determining unsafe conditions, including the determination of an effective depth of tread groove, and shall be based upon, to the extent that it is reasonable and practical, all provisions set forth in paragraph (d) of this Section.
    (c) Use of Unsafe Tire. 1. No person or organization shall place, drive or move, or cause or allow to be placed, driven or moved, on a highway of this State, any vehicle equipped with one or more pneumatic tires deemed to be unsafe under a provision of paragraph (d) of this Section or a rule promulgated under paragraph (b) of this Section.
    2. Exemptions. Any restriction stated in this paragraph (c) shall not apply:
    (i) To a tire on a damaged, disabled, abandoned, or other unsafe or unwanted vehicle being legally towed, pushed or otherwise transferred to a repair, relocation, storage, salvage, junking, or other collection site;
    (ii) To a tire on a racing or other competitive vehicle being legally moved or transported, not under its own power, to a lawful competition site or to a bona fide testing site; or
    (iii) To a spare tire either carried or in short term emergency use for only such distance or time as is reasonably necessary to accomplish the repair or replacement of the damaged or unsafe tire for which the spare was substituted.
    (d) Criteria for Unsafe Pneumatic Tires. A pneumatic tire shall be deemed to be unsafe if it has:
    1. Any part of a ply or cord exposed;
    2. A tread or sidewall crack, cut, snag, or other surface interruption deep enough to expose a ply or cord;
    3. Any bulge, knot, or separation;
    4. Tread wear indicators flush with the tread outer surface in any 2 or more adjacent tread grooves at 3 locations approximately equally spaced around the circumference of the tire;
    5. A depth of tread groove less than 2/32 of an inch or less than 1/32 of an inch if on a motorcycle or truckster, measured in any 2 or more adjacent tread grooves at 3 locations approximately equally spaced around the circumference of the tire, at least one of which, in the judgment of the inspecting officer, is a location at which the tread is thinnest, provided that any measurement over a tie bar, tread wear indicator, hump or fillet is excluded;
    6. A depth of tread groove less than 4/32 of an inch at any one location and the tire is mounted on the front wheel of a motor vehicle subject to the provisions of Chapter 18B of this Code, provided that any measurement over a tie bar, tread wear indicator, hump or fillet is excluded;
    7. A marking which indicates that the tire is not intended for use on a public highway;
    8. Been regrooved or recut below the bottom of an original tread groove, except in the case of a special "regroovable" tire that was manufactured or retreaded with thick undertread, identified and regrooved in compliance with the applicable federal standard in Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations, and in compliance with each applicable Section of this Code; or
    9. Other condition, marking or lack of marking that may be reasonably demonstrated to identify the tire as unsuitable for highway use, including inflation, load, speed or installation condition seriously incompatible with the tire size, construction, or other pertinent marking or feature.
    (e) Sale, Lease or Installation of Pneumatic Tires. 1. No person or organization shall sell, lease, or offer for sale or lease, or mount, install, or cause or allow to be mounted or installed, for use on a highway, any pneumatic tire deemed to be unsafe under paragraph (d) of this Section or under a rule promulgated under paragraph (b) of this Section. Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this Section, any person or organization offering a vehicle for sale or lease shall, prior to its being placed, driven or moved on a highway, correct any unsafe tire condition.
    2. No person or organization shall sell, lease, or offer for sale or lease, for highway use, any pneumatic tire, or any vehicle equipped with a pneumatic tire, which has a depth of tread groove less than 3/32 of an inch; except a pneumatic tire on a motorcycle or truckster may have a depth of tire groove of not less than 2/32 of an inch. Groove depth shall not be measured where a tie bar, tread wear indicator, hump or fillet is located.
    (f)  Compliance and Enforcement. Any police officer, upon reasonable cause to believe that a person or organization has acted or is acting in violation of any provision of this Section, shall require the driver, owner, or other appropriate custodian to submit the tire or tires to an inspection. When so required, the owner or other appropriate custodian shall allow the tire inspection and the driver of a vehicle or combination of vehicles shall stop at a designated location and allow the tire or tires to be inspected or shall move the vehicle or combination to a location that is reasonably convenient and is suitable for such inspection.
(Source: P.A. 83-213.)

625 ILCS 5/12-407

    (625 ILCS 5/12-407) (from Ch. 95 1/2, par. 12-407)
    Sec. 12-407. Rules and regulations. The Department may promulgate rules and regulations to clarify or specify the requirements of this Article IV.
(Source: P.A. 83-213.)

625 ILCS 5/Ch. 12 Art. V

 
    (625 ILCS 5/Ch. 12 Art. V heading)
ARTICLE V. GLASS, WINDSHIELDS AND MIRRORS

625 ILCS 5/12-500

    (625 ILCS 5/12-500) (from Ch. 95 1/2, par. 12-500)
    Sec. 12-500. (Repealed).
(Source: P.A. 77-37. Repealed by P.A. 90-89, eff. 1-1-98.)

625 ILCS 5/12-501

    (625 ILCS 5/12-501) (from Ch. 95 1/2, par. 12-501)
    Sec. 12-501. Windshields and safety glazing material in motor vehicles.
    (a) Every motor vehicle operated upon the highways of this State shall be equipped with a front windshield which complies with those standards as established pursuant to this Section and Section 12-503 of this Code. This subsection shall not apply to motor vehicles designed and used exclusively for off-highway use, motorcycles, motor-driven cycles, motorized pedalcycles, nor to motor vehicles registered as antique vehicles, expanded-use antique vehicles, custom vehicles, or street rods when the original design of such vehicles did not include front windshields.
    (b) No person shall knowingly sell any 1936 or later model motor vehicle unless such vehicle is equipped with safety glazing material conforming to specifications prescribed by the Department wherever glazing material is used in doors, windows and windshields. Regulations promulgated by the Department specifying standards for safety glazing material on windshields shall, as a minimum, conform with those applicable Federal Motor Vehicles Safety Standards (49 CFR 571.205). These provisions apply to all motor vehicles of the first and second division but with respect to trucks, including truck tractors, the requirements as to safety glazing material apply to all glazing material used in doors, windows and windshields in the drivers' compartments of such vehicles.
    (c) It is unlawful for the owner or any other person knowingly to install or cause to be installed in any motor vehicle any glazing material other than safety glazing material conforming to the specifications prescribed by the Department.
(Source: P.A. 97-412, eff. 1-1-12.)

625 ILCS 5/12-502

    (625 ILCS 5/12-502) (from Ch. 95 1/2, par. 12-502)
    Sec. 12-502. Mirrors. Every motor vehicle, operated singly or when towing another vehicle, shall be equipped with a mirror so located as to reflect to the driver a view of the highway for a distance of at least 200 feet to the rear of such motor vehicle.
(Source: P.A. 82-122.)

625 ILCS 5/12-503

    (625 ILCS 5/12-503) (from Ch. 95 1/2, par. 12-503)
    Sec. 12-503. Windshields must be unobstructed and equipped with wipers.
    (a) No person shall drive a motor vehicle with any sign, poster, window application, reflective material, nonreflective material, or tinted film upon the front windshield, except that a nonreflective tinted film may be used along the uppermost portion of the windshield if such material does not extend more than 6 inches down from the top of the windshield.
    (a-3) No new or used motor vehicle dealer shall permit a driver to drive a motor vehicle offered for sale or lease off the premises where the motor vehicle is being offered for sale or lease, including when the driver is test driving the vehicle, with signs, decals, paperwork, or other material on the front windshield or on the windows immediately adjacent to each side of the driver that would obstruct the driver's view in violation of subsection (a) of this Section. For purposes of this subsection (a-3), "test driving" means when a driver, with permission of the new or used vehicle dealer or employee of the new or used vehicle dealer, drives a vehicle owned and held for sale or lease by a new or used vehicle dealer that the driver is considering to purchase or lease.
    (a-5) No window treatment or tinting shall be applied to the windows immediately adjacent to each side of the driver, except:
        (1) On vehicles where none of the windows to the
    
rear of the driver's seat are treated in a manner that allows less than 30% light transmittance, a nonreflective tinted film that allows at least 50% light transmittance, with a 5% variance observed by any law enforcement official metering the light transmittance, may be used on the vehicle windows immediately adjacent to each side of the driver.
        (2) On vehicles where none of the windows to the
    
rear of the driver's seat are treated in a manner that allows less than 35% light transmittance, a nonreflective tinted film that allows at least 35% light transmittance, with a 5% variance observed by any law enforcement official metering the light transmittance, may be used on the vehicle windows immediately adjacent to each side of the driver.
        (3) (Blank).
        (4) On vehicles where a nonreflective smoked or
    
tinted glass that was originally installed by the manufacturer on the windows to the rear of the driver's seat, a nonreflective tint that allows at least 50% light transmittance, with a 5% variance observed by a law enforcement official metering the light transmittance, may be used on the vehicle windows immediately adjacent to each side of the driver.
    (a-10) No person shall install or repair any material prohibited by subsection (a) of this Section.
        (1) Nothing in this subsection shall prohibit a
    
person from removing or altering any material prohibited by subsection (a) to make a motor vehicle comply with the requirements of this Section.
        (2) Nothing in this subsection shall prohibit a
    
person from installing window treatment for a person with a medical condition described in subsection (g) of this Section. An installer who installs window treatment for a person with a medical condition described in subsection (g) must obtain a copy of the certified statement or letter written by a physician described in subsection (g) from the person with the medical condition prior to installing the window treatment. The copy of the certified statement or letter must be kept in the installer's permanent records.
    (b) On motor vehicles where window treatment has not been applied to the windows immediately adjacent to each side of the driver, the use of a perforated window screen or other decorative window application on windows to the rear of the driver's seat shall be allowed.
    (b-5) Any motor vehicle with a window to the rear of the driver's seat treated in this manner shall be equipped with a side mirror on each side of the motor vehicle which are in conformance with Section 12-502.
    (c) No person shall drive a motor vehicle with any objects placed or suspended between the driver and the rear window, side wings, or side windows immediately adjacent to each side of the driver which materially obstructs the driver's view.
    (c-5) No person shall drive a motor vehicle with any objects placed or suspended between the driver and the front windshield which materially obstruct the driver's view. No motor vehicle, or driver or passenger of such vehicle, shall be stopped or searched by any law enforcement officer solely on the basis of a violation or suspected violation of this subsection.
    (d) Every motor vehicle, except motorcycles, shall be equipped with a device, controlled by the driver, for cleaning rain, snow, moisture, or other obstructions from the windshield; and no person shall drive a motor vehicle with snow, ice, moisture, or other material on any of the windows or mirrors, which materially obstructs the driver's clear view of the highway.
    (e) No person shall drive a motor vehicle when the windshield, side, or rear windows are in such defective condition or repair as to materially impair the driver's view to the front, side, or rear. A vehicle equipped with a side mirror on each side of the vehicle which are in conformance with Section 12-502 will be deemed to be in compliance in the event the rear window of the vehicle is materially obscured.
    (f) Subsections (a), (a-5), (b), and (b-5) of this Section shall not apply to:
        (1) (Blank).
        (2) those motor vehicles properly registered in
    
another jurisdiction.
    (g) Subsections (a) and (a-5) of this Section shall not apply to window treatment, including, but not limited to, a window application, nonreflective material, or tinted film, applied or affixed to a motor vehicle for which distinctive license plates or license plate stickers have been issued pursuant to subsection (k) of Section 3-412 of this Code, and which:
        (1) is owned and operated by a person afflicted with
    
or suffering from a medical disease, including, but not limited to, systemic or discoid lupus erythematosus, disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis, light sensitivity as a result of a traumatic brain injury, or albinism, which would require that person to be shielded from the direct rays of the sun; or
        (2) is used in transporting a person when the person
    
resides at the same address as the registered owner of the vehicle and the person is afflicted with or suffering from a medical disease which would require the person to be shielded from the direct rays of the sun, including, but not limited to, systemic or discoid lupus erythematosus, disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis, light sensitivity as a result of a traumatic brain injury, or albinism.
        The owner must obtain a certified statement or letter
    
written by a physician licensed to practice medicine in Illinois that such person owning and operating or being transported in a motor vehicle is afflicted with or suffers from such disease, including, but not limited to, systemic or discoid lupus erythematosus, disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis, light sensitivity as a result of a traumatic brain injury, or albinism. However, no exemption from the requirements of subsection (a-5) shall be granted for any condition for which protection from the direct rays of the sun can be adequately obtained by the use of sunglasses or other eye protective devices.
        Such certification must be carried in the motor
    
vehicle at all times. The certification shall be legible and shall contain the date of issuance, the name, address, and signature of the attending physician, and the name, address, and medical condition of the person requiring exemption. The information on the certificate for a window treatment must remain current and shall be renewed every 4 years by the attending physician. The owner shall also submit a copy of the certification to the Secretary of State. The Secretary of State may forward notice of certification to law enforcement agencies.
    (g-5) (Blank).
    (g-7) Installers shall only install window treatment authorized by subsection (g) on motor vehicles for which distinctive plates or license plate stickers have been issued pursuant to subsection (k) of Section 3-412 of this Code. The distinctive license plates or plate sticker must be on the motor vehicle at the time of window treatment installation.
    (h) Subsection (a) of this Section shall not apply to motor vehicle stickers or other certificates issued by State or local authorities which are required to be displayed upon motor vehicle windows to evidence compliance with requirements concerning motor vehicles.
    (i) (Blank).
    (j) A person found guilty of violating subsection (a), (a-3), (a-5), (a-10), (b), (b-5), or (g-7) of this Section shall be guilty of a petty offense and fined no less than $50 nor more than $500. A second or subsequent violation of subsection (a), (a-3), (a-5), (a-10), (b), (b-5), or (g-7) of this Section shall be treated as a Class C misdemeanor and the violator fined no less than $100 nor more than $500. Any person convicted under subsection (a), (a-5), (b), or (b-5) of this Section shall be ordered to alter any nonconforming windows into compliance with this Section.
    (k) Except as provided in subsection (a-3) of this Section, nothing in this Section shall create a cause of action on behalf of a buyer against a vehicle dealer or manufacturer who sells a motor vehicle with a window which is in violation of this Section.
    (l) The Secretary of State shall provide a notice of the requirements of this Section to a new resident applying for vehicle registration in this State pursuant to Section 3-801 of this Code. The Secretary of State may comply with this subsection by posting the requirements of this Section on the Secretary of State's website.
    (m) A home rule unit may not regulate motor vehicles in a manner inconsistent with this Section. This Section is a limitation under subsection (i) of Section 6 of Article VII of the Illinois Constitution on the concurrent exercise by home rule units of powers and functions exercised by the State.
(Source: P.A. 102-111, eff. 1-1-22; 103-32, eff. 1-1-24.)

625 ILCS 5/Ch. 12 Art. VI

 
    (625 ILCS 5/Ch. 12 Art. VI heading)
ARTICLE VI. MISCELLANEOUS REQUIREMENTS

625 ILCS 5/12-600

    (625 ILCS 5/12-600) (from Ch. 95 1/2, par. 12-600)
    Sec. 12-600. (Repealed).
(Source: P.A. 86-498. Repealed by P.A. 90-89, eff. 1-1-98.)

625 ILCS 5/12-601

    (625 ILCS 5/12-601) (from Ch. 95 1/2, par. 12-601)
    Sec. 12-601. Horns and warning devices.
    (a) Every motor vehicle when operated upon a highway shall be equipped with a horn in good working order and capable of emitting sound audible under normal conditions from a distance of not less than 200 feet, but no horn or other warning device shall emit an unreasonable loud or harsh sound or a whistle. The driver of a motor vehicle shall when reasonably necessary to insure safe operation give audible warning with his horn but shall not otherwise use such horn when upon a highway.
    (b) No vehicle shall be equipped with nor shall any person use upon a vehicle any siren, whistle, or bell, except as otherwise permitted in this Section. Any authorized emergency vehicle or organ transport vehicle as defined in Chapter 1 of this Code or a vehicle operated by a fire chief, deputy fire chief, assistant fire chief, or the Director or Coordinator of a municipal or county emergency services and disaster agency may be equipped with a siren, whistle, or bell capable of emitting sound audible under normal conditions from a distance of not less than 500 feet, but such siren, whistle, or bell shall not be used except when such vehicle is operated in response to an emergency call or in the immediate pursuit of an actual or suspected violator of the law in either of which events the driver of such vehicle shall sound such siren, whistle, or bell when necessary to warn pedestrians and other drivers of the approach thereof.
    (c) Trackless trolley coaches, as defined by Section 1-206 of this Code, and replica trolleys, as defined by Section 1-171.04 of this Code, may be equipped with a bell or bells in lieu of a horn, and may, in addition to the requirements of subsection (a) of this Section, use a bell or bells for the purpose of indicating arrival or departure at designated stops during the hours of scheduled operation.
(Source: P.A. 102-448, eff. 1-1-22.)

625 ILCS 5/12-601.1

    (625 ILCS 5/12-601.1)
    Sec. 12-601.1. Traffic control signal preemption devices.
    (a) As used in this Section, "traffic control signal preemption device" means any device, either mechanical or electrical, that emits a pulse of light or other signal that, when received by a detector attached to a traffic control signal, changes that traffic control signal to a green light or, if the traffic control signal is already green, extends the duration of the green light.
    (b) Except as provided in subsection (d), a traffic control signal preemption device may not be installed on a motor vehicle, may not be transported in the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, and may not be operated by the driver or passenger of a motor vehicle.
    Violation of this subsection (b) is a Class A misdemeanor, punishable by a fine of $1,000 in addition to any other penalty that may be imposed.
    (c) A retailer or manufacturer may not sell a traffic control signal preemption device to any person or entity for any intended use other than operation as permitted under subsection (d).
    Violation of this subsection (c) is a Class A misdemeanor, punishable by a fine of $5,000 for each sale of each device, in addition to any other penalty that may be imposed.
    (d) Installation of a traffic control signal preemption device is permitted on the following vehicles, and operation of the device is permitted as follows:
        (1) Police department vehicles, when responding to a
    
bona fide emergency, when used in combination with red or blue oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights.
        (2) Law enforcement vehicles of State or local
    
authorities, when responding to a bona fide emergency, when used in combination with red oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights.
        (3) Vehicles of local fire departments, fire
    
protection districts, and State or federal firefighting vehicles, when responding to a bona fide emergency, when used in combination with red oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights.
        (4) Vehicles that are designed and used exclusively
    
as ambulances or rescue vehicles, when responding to a bona fide emergency, when used in combination with red oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights.
        (5) Vehicles that are equipped and used exclusively
    
as organ transport vehicles, when the transportation is declared an emergency by a member of the transplant team or a representative of the organ procurement organization, when used in combination with red oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights.
        (6) Vehicles of the Illinois Emergency Management
    
Agency and vehicles of the Department of Nuclear Safety, when responding to a bona fide emergency, when used in combination with red oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights.
        (7) Commuter buses owned by any political subdivision
    
of this State, operated either by the political subdivision or its lessee or agent, and offering short-haul for-hire regularly scheduled passenger transportation service, over regular routes with fixed schedules, within metropolitan and suburban areas, when used to extend the duration of an already green light to meet schedules.
        (8) Vehicles used for snow removal owned by any
    
political subdivision of this State, operated either by the political subdivision or its lessee or agent, when used during a snow emergency in combination with yellow or amber oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights, when used to extend the duration of an already green light.
    (e) This Section does not prohibit use by motorcycles of electronic or magnetic safety devices designed to allow traffic control signal systems to recognize or detect motorcycles.
(Source: P.A. 102-842, eff. 1-1-23.)

625 ILCS 5/12-601.2

    (625 ILCS 5/12-601.2)
    Sec. 12-601.2. (Repealed).
(Source: P.A. 94-373, eff. 1-1-06. Repealed by P.A. 99-576, eff. 7-15-16.)