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1 | AN ACT concerning safety. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 | Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 | represented in the General Assembly: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4 | Section 5. The Environmental Protection Act is amended by | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
5 | adding Sections 22.22a and 22.35a as follows: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
6 | (415 ILCS 5/22.22a new) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
7 | Sec. 22.22a. Commercial organic waste. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
8 | (a) Beginning July 1, 2027, if a commercial food | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
9 | wholesaler, a commercial food distributor, an industrial food | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
10 | manufacturer or processor, a supermarket, a restaurant, a | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
11 | resort, or a conference center produces more than 4 cubic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
12 | yards of organic waste per week, it must arrange for: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
13 | (1) source separation of its organic wastes from other | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
14 | solid wastes; and | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
15 | (2) recycling of the source-separated organic waste at | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
16 | an authorized source-separated organic material composting | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
17 | facility that has available capacity and on-site | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18 | composting or other forms of organic waste management and | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
19 | that will accept such source-separated organic material. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
20 | (b) Beginning July 1, 2030, if a commercial food | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
21 | wholesaler, a commercial food distributor, an industrial food | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
22 | manufacturer or processor, a supermarket, a restaurant, a | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
23 | resort, or a conference center produces more than one cubic |
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1 | yard of organic waste per week, it must arrange for: | ||||||
2 | (1) source separation of organic wastes from other | ||||||
3 | solid wastes; and | ||||||
4 | (2) recycling of the source-separated organic waste at | ||||||
5 | an authorized source-separated organic material composting | ||||||
6 | facility that has available capacity and on-site | ||||||
7 | composting or other forms of organic waste management and | ||||||
8 | that will accept such source-separated organic material. | ||||||
9 | (c) The Agency may adopt rules for the implementation of | ||||||
10 | this Section. | ||||||
11 | (d) The requirements of this Section do not apply to a | ||||||
12 | person or entity if the person or entity resides within an area | ||||||
13 | of the State that has been designated by the Agency as an area | ||||||
14 | in which it is not possible for organic waste to be collected | ||||||
15 | and delivered to an authorized source-separated organic | ||||||
16 | material composting facility. | ||||||
17 | (e) The Agency must make publicly available on its website | ||||||
18 | a map showing the area of the State that has been designated by | ||||||
19 | the Agency as an area in which it is not possible for organic | ||||||
20 | waste to be collected and delivered to an authorized | ||||||
21 | source-separated organic material composting facility. | ||||||
22 | (f) As used in this Section: | ||||||
23 | "Organic waste" does not include food scraps that can be | ||||||
24 | donated or repurposed as animal feed or food scraps that | ||||||
25 | cannot be disposed of at sanitary landfills or incinerated. | ||||||
26 | "Organic waste management" means management of organic |
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1 | materials through composting, anaerobic digestion, | ||||||
2 | vermiculture, black soldier fly, or similar means. | ||||||
3 | (415 ILCS 5/22.35a new) | ||||||
4 | Sec. 22.35a. Organic waste diversion goals. | ||||||
5 | (a) The General Assembly finds that: | ||||||
6 | (1) municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills are | ||||||
7 | responsible for emitting a methane warming equivalent to | ||||||
8 | 58% of large industrial methane emissions in this State; | ||||||
9 | (2) the 20-year global warming potential of methane is | ||||||
10 | 80 times greater than the 20-year global warming potential | ||||||
11 | of carbon dioxide; | ||||||
12 | (3) composting reduces methane emissions by allowing | ||||||
13 | organic waste to decompose in aerobic conditions; | ||||||
14 | (4) food waste accounts for at least 20% of the | ||||||
15 | 19,000,000 tons of waste in State landfills, which is more | ||||||
16 | than any other single stream of waste found in landfills; | ||||||
17 | (5) more than half of curbside waste is compostable; | ||||||
18 | (6) landfills in the Chicago metropolitan area have an | ||||||
19 | expected lifetime of 5 years according to the Illinois | ||||||
20 | Environmental Protection Agency's 2022 Illinois Landfill | ||||||
21 | Disposal Capacity Report; | ||||||
22 | (7) more than 65 municipalities across the State have | ||||||
23 | already implemented composting services in waste | ||||||
24 | management plan offerings; | ||||||
25 | (8) many states across the United States, such as |
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1 | Washington and Massachusetts, have implemented curbside | ||||||
2 | composting with great economic and environmental success; | ||||||
3 | and | ||||||
4 | (9) composting has greater potential for job creation | ||||||
5 | as compared to landfilling. | ||||||
6 | (b) The purpose of this Section is to: | ||||||
7 | (1) divert compostable waste from landfills in order | ||||||
8 | to extend the life expectancy of State landfills; | ||||||
9 | (2) the types and volumes, in tons, of waste treated | ||||||
10 | at authorized organic waste composting facilities within | ||||||
11 | the State; | ||||||
12 | (3) reduce State greenhouse gas and methane emissions; | ||||||
13 | and | ||||||
14 | (4) provide for the expansion of organic waste | ||||||
15 | management infrastructure and industry within the State. | ||||||
16 | (c) As used in this Section: | ||||||
17 | "Agency" means the Environmental Protection Agency. | ||||||
18 | "Compostable" means being capable of decomposition through | ||||||
19 | organic waste management. | ||||||
20 | "Composting" means the biological treatment process by | ||||||
21 | which microorganisms decompose the organic fraction of waste | ||||||
22 | to produce compost. | ||||||
23 | "Food scrap" has the meaning given to that term in Section | ||||||
24 | 3.197 of the Environmental Protection Act. | ||||||
25 | "Municipal solid waste" or "MSW" has the meaning given to | ||||||
26 | the term "municipal waste" in Section 3.290 of the |
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1 | Environmental Protection Act. | ||||||
2 | "Organic materials" means any solid waste that is a | ||||||
3 | biological substance of plant or animal origin capable of | ||||||
4 | microbial degradation. "Organic materials" include, but are | ||||||
5 | not limited to, yard debris, food waste, food processing | ||||||
6 | waste, wood waste, and garden waste. "Organic materials" does | ||||||
7 | not include manure, any materials contaminated by herbicides, | ||||||
8 | pesticides, or pests, or other sources of chemical or | ||||||
9 | biological contamination that would render a finished product | ||||||
10 | of an organic material management process unsuitable for | ||||||
11 | general public or agricultural use. | ||||||
12 | "Organic waste management" means management of organic | ||||||
13 | materials through composting, anaerobic digestion, | ||||||
14 | vermiculture, black soldier fly, or similar means. | ||||||
15 | (d) The State hereby establishes a statewide goal of | ||||||
16 | reducing, by January 1, 2030, the level of organic waste sent | ||||||
17 | to sanitary landfills by no less than 50% relative to the level | ||||||
18 | of organic waste sent to sanitary landfills in 2015. The State | ||||||
19 | establishes a statewide goal of reducing, by January 1, 2035, | ||||||
20 | MSW landfill methane emissions to 50% relative to 2023 levels. | ||||||
21 | (e) By July 1, 2026, and by July 1 of each year thereafter, | ||||||
22 | the Agency shall compile and make available to the public a | ||||||
23 | report identifying: | ||||||
24 | (1) the types and volumes, in tons, of waste treated | ||||||
25 | at authorized recycling facilities within the State; | ||||||
26 | (2) the types and volumes, in tons, of waste treated |
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1 | at authorized organic waste composting facilities within | ||||||
2 | the State; | ||||||
3 | (3) the total volumes of food scraps processed at MSW | ||||||
4 | landfills within the State; | ||||||
5 | (4) the total permitted capacity for compost volume on | ||||||
6 | MSW sites within the State; and | ||||||
7 | (5) the total MSW landfill methane emissions within | ||||||
8 | the State. | ||||||
9 | (f) The Agency may adopt rules for the implementation of | ||||||
10 | this Section. | ||||||
11 | Section 905. The Solid Waste Hauling and Recycling Program | ||||||
12 | Act is amended by adding Section 12 as follows: | ||||||
13 | (415 ILCS 12/12 new) | ||||||
14 | Sec. 12. Collection of organic waste. | ||||||
15 | (a) Upon the implementation of a new county waste | ||||||
16 | management plan under Section 6.1 of the Solid Waste Planning | ||||||
17 | and Recycling Act, each hauler operating in a county or | ||||||
18 | municipality that offers the collection of organic waste from | ||||||
19 | any residence, commercial business, commercial property, or | ||||||
20 | institutional facility within that county or municipality | ||||||
21 | shall provide, by written offer, information to all residents, | ||||||
22 | commercial businesses, owners or operators of commercial | ||||||
23 | property, and institutional facilities in the county on what | ||||||
24 | materials to dispose for organic waste management and how to |
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1 | dispose of those materials. The hauler's written offer shall | ||||||
2 | include an option for the resident, commercial business, owner | ||||||
3 | or operator of the commercial business, or institutional | ||||||
4 | facility to opt out of receiving future offers to provide | ||||||
5 | composting services in writing. Those offers shall be made, at | ||||||
6 | least once during the term of the contract or at least once | ||||||
7 | every 2 years, whichever occurs sooner, to all residents, | ||||||
8 | commercial businesses, owners or operators of commercial | ||||||
9 | property, and institutional facilities except those that have | ||||||
10 | composting services or have opted out of receiving offers for | ||||||
11 | composting services. | ||||||
12 | (b) Compostable materials collected by a hauler within a | ||||||
13 | county or municipality shall not be deposited into a landfill | ||||||
14 | or incinerator. | ||||||
15 | (c) Ownership of compostable materials set out for | ||||||
16 | collection shall remain with the commercial business, | ||||||
17 | commercial property owner, or institutional facility that set | ||||||
18 | out the material for collection until the material is removed | ||||||
19 | by the hauler. | ||||||
20 | Section 910. The Solid Waste Planning and Recycling Act is | ||||||
21 | amended by adding Sections 6.1 and 6.2 as follows: | ||||||
22 | (415 ILCS 15/6.1 new) | ||||||
23 | Sec. 6.1. Composting program for organic waste. | ||||||
24 | (a) By January 1, 2026, each county waste management plan |
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1 | adopted under Section 4 shall include a composting program for | ||||||
2 | organic waste as a part of the basic waste disposal plan. The | ||||||
3 | composting program shall provide source-separated organic | ||||||
4 | solid waste collection services year round at least every | ||||||
5 | other week or at least 26 weeks annually to all residents and | ||||||
6 | nonresidential customers that generate for management more | ||||||
7 | than 0.25 cubic yards of organic materials per week and shall | ||||||
8 | manage all organic solid waste collected from residents and | ||||||
9 | businesses under Section 6.2. | ||||||
10 | (b) A unit of local government may charge and collect fees | ||||||
11 | or rates for the services provided under subsection (a), | ||||||
12 | consistent with the unit of local government's authority to | ||||||
13 | impose fees and rates under Section 22.15 of the Environmental | ||||||
14 | Protection Act, as long as those fees or rates do not exceed | ||||||
15 | the fees and rates for municipal solid waste collection. | ||||||
16 | (c) Except as provided in subsections (d) and (e), the | ||||||
17 | requirements of this Section do not apply in a unit of local | ||||||
18 | government if the Agency determines that: | ||||||
19 | (1) the unit of local government disposed of less than | ||||||
20 | 5,000 tons of solid waste in the most recent year for which | ||||||
21 | data is available; | ||||||
22 | (2) the unit of local government has a total | ||||||
23 | population of less than 20,000 and no permitted organic | ||||||
24 | waste composting facility within 20 miles; or | ||||||
25 | (3) the unit of local government has a total | ||||||
26 | population of less than 10,000. |
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1 | The requirements of this Section do not apply in census | ||||||
2 | tracts that have a population density of less than 75 | ||||||
3 | inhabitants per square mile and are located in an | ||||||
4 | unincorporated area of a county. | ||||||
5 | (d) For up to 5 years after the effective date of this | ||||||
6 | amendatory Act, the Department may issue a waiver from the | ||||||
7 | requirements of this Section to a unit of local government or | ||||||
8 | portions of a unit of local government based on the | ||||||
9 | consideration of relevant factors, such as the distance to | ||||||
10 | organic materials composting facilities, the sufficiency of | ||||||
11 | the capacity to manage organic materials at facilities to | ||||||
12 | which organic materials could feasibly and economically be | ||||||
13 | delivered from the jurisdiction, and restrictions in the | ||||||
14 | transport of organic materials. The Department may adopt rules | ||||||
15 | to specify the type of information that a waiver applicant | ||||||
16 | must submit to the Department and to specify the Department's | ||||||
17 | process for reviewing and approving waiver applications. | ||||||
18 | (e) Beginning January 1, 2030, the Department may adopt a | ||||||
19 | rule to require this Section to apply to a unit of local | ||||||
20 | government or other jurisdiction that is granted a waiver | ||||||
21 | under subsection (d) or is exempt from the requirements of | ||||||
22 | this Section under subsection (b), but only if the Department | ||||||
23 | determines that the goals established in subsection (d) of | ||||||
24 | Section 22.35a of the Environmental Protection Act have not or | ||||||
25 | will not be achieved. | ||||||
26 | (f) As used in this Section: |
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1 | "Organic materials" include, but are not limited to, yard | ||||||
2 | debris, food waste, food processing waste, wood waste, and | ||||||
3 | garden waste. | ||||||
4 | "Organic solid waste" means any solid waste that is a | ||||||
5 | biological substance of plant or animal origin capable of | ||||||
6 | microbial degradation. "Organic solid waste" does not include | ||||||
7 | manure or any materials contaminated by herbicides, | ||||||
8 | pesticides, or pests, or other sources of chemical or | ||||||
9 | biological contamination that would render a finished product | ||||||
10 | of an organic material management process unsuitable for | ||||||
11 | general public or agricultural use. | ||||||
12 | (415 ILCS 15/6.2 new) | ||||||
13 | Sec. 6.2. Organic waste collection criteria. | ||||||
14 | (a) Upon the development of a new county waste management | ||||||
15 | plan under Section 6.1, each local comprehensive solid waste | ||||||
16 | management plan must identify the following: | ||||||
17 | (1) The local comprehensive solid waste management | ||||||
18 | plan must identify priority areas within the county for | ||||||
19 | the establishment of organic materials management | ||||||
20 | facilities. Priority areas must be in industrial zones, | ||||||
21 | agricultural zones, or rural zones. Priority areas should | ||||||
22 | be designated with an attempt to minimize incompatible | ||||||
23 | uses and potential impacts on residential areas. | ||||||
24 | (2) The local comprehensive solid waste management | ||||||
25 | plan must identify the organic materials management |
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1 | facility volumetric capacity required to manage the | ||||||
2 | county's organic materials in a manner consistent with the | ||||||
3 | goals of subsection (d) of Section 22.35a of the | ||||||
4 | Environmental Protection Act. | ||||||
5 | (b) In order to meet the requirements of Section 6.1 and | ||||||
6 | set the State on track to reach the goals outlined in | ||||||
7 | subsection (d) of Section 22.35a of the Environmental | ||||||
8 | Protection Act, a unit of local government may: | ||||||
9 | (1) implement, upon joint agreement with the hauler, | ||||||
10 | source-separated organic solid waste collection | ||||||
11 | simultaneously with existing landscape waste collection | ||||||
12 | services during the summer season, as long as (i) the | ||||||
13 | source-separated organic solid waste collection continues | ||||||
14 | year round and the organic and landscape wastes are sent | ||||||
15 | to an authorized organic waste management facility or (ii) | ||||||
16 | collected organic and landscape wastes remain separated | ||||||
17 | throughout the collection process and are sent to an | ||||||
18 | authorized organic waste management facility and | ||||||
19 | authorized landscape waste composting facility. | ||||||
20 | (2) provide written notice to existing landscape waste | ||||||
21 | composting facilities to propose repermitting for organic | ||||||
22 | waste management upon consideration of paragraph (1) of | ||||||
23 | subsection (a) and paragraph (1) of subsection (b) if it | ||||||
24 | is determined that existing organic waste management | ||||||
25 | facilities do not have the volumetric capacity to manage | ||||||
26 | the county's organic materials or existing organic waste |
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1 | management infrastructure has not or will not achieve the | ||||||
2 | goals established in Section 15 of the Organic Waste | ||||||
3 | Diversion Act even at full capacity. | ||||||
4 | (c) As used in this Section: | ||||||
5 | "Organic solid waste" has the meaning given to that term | ||||||
6 | in Section 6.1. | ||||||
7 | "Organic waste management" means the management of organic | ||||||
8 | materials through composting, anaerobic digestion, | ||||||
9 | vermiculture, black soldier fly, or similar technologies. |