SB3121 98TH GENERAL ASSEMBLY

LRB098 19700 MGM 54910 b

98TH GENERAL ASSEMBLY
State of Illinois
2013 and 2014
SB3121

Introduced 2/7/2014, by Sen. Dave Syverson

SYNOPSIS AS INTRODUCED:

415 ILCS 5/3.386 new
415 ILCS 5/3.388 new
415 ILCS 5/9.4	from Ch. 111 1/2, par. 1009.4
415 ILCS 5/22.16b	from Ch. 111 1/2, par. 1022.16b

Amends the Environmental Protection Act. Changes the definition of "municipal waste incineration" to exclude the combustion of certain materials that might otherwise qualify as municipal waste. Makes, as a result, the Act's municipal waste incineration emission standards inapplicable to facilities where those waste-derived materials are combusted. Authorizes the Illinois Pollution Control Board to determine, based solely on certain federal standards, which of these waste-derived materials do not qualify as municipal waste. Effective immediately.

A BILL FOR

AN ACT concerning safety.

Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois, represented in the General Assembly:

Section 5. The Environmental Protection Act is amended by changing Sections 9.4 and 22.16b and by adding Sections 3.386 and 3.388 as follows:

(415 ILCS 5/3.386 new)

Sec. 3.386. Refuse-derived fuel. "Refuse-derived fuel" means a type of municipal solid waste produced by processing municipal solid waste through shredding and size classification. "Refuse-derived fuel" includes all classes of refuse-derived fuel ranging in density from low-density fluff refuse-derived fuel through densified refuse-derived fuel and pelletized refuse-derived fuel. "Refuse-derived fuel" shall not include bio-derived fuels.

(415 ILCS 5/3.388 new)

Sec. 3.388. Bio-derived fuel. "Bio-derived fuel" means any fuel produced from biomass, solid waste, or mixtures thereof, by using a carbonization, pyrolysis, or gasification process to alter the chemical composition of the end product by:

(a) reducing the moisture content to less than 2% by weight;

(b) increasing the heating value to at least 9,500 Btus/lb;

(c) increasing the energy density to at least 250,000 Btus/cubic foot; or

(d) removing substantial amounts of sulfur and chlorine.

(415 ILCS 5/9.4) (from Ch. 111 1/2, par. 1009.4)

Sec. 9.4. Municipal waste incineration emission standards.

(a) The General Assembly finds:

(1) That air pollution from municipal waste incineration may constitute a threat to public health, welfare and the environment. The amounts and kinds of pollutants depend on the nature of the waste stream, operating conditions of the incinerator, and the effectiveness of emission controls. Under normal operating conditions, municipal waste incinerators produce pollutants such as organic compounds, metallic compounds and acid gases which may be a threat to public health, welfare and the environment.

(2) That a combustion and flue-gas control system, which is properly designed, operated and maintained, can substantially reduce the emissions of organic materials, metallic compounds and acid gases from municipal waste incineration.

(b) It is the purpose of this Section to insure that emissions from new municipal waste incineration facilities which burn a total of 25 tons or more of municipal waste per day are adequately controlled.

Such facilities shall be subject to emissions limits and operating standards based upon the application of Best Available Control Technology, as determined by the Agency, for emissions of the following categories of pollutants:

(1) particulate matter, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides;

(2) acid gases;

(3) heavy metals; and

(4) organic materials.

(c) The Agency shall issue permits, pursuant to Section 39, to new municipal waste incineration facilities only if the Agency finds that such facilities are designed, constructed and operated so as to comply with the requirements prescribed by this Section.

Prior to adoption of Board regulations under subsection (d) of this Section the Agency may issue permits for the construction of new municipal waste incineration facilities. The Agency determination of Best Available Control Technology shall be based upon consideration of the specific pollutants named in subsection (d), and emissions of particulate matter, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.

Nothing in this Section shall limit the applicability of any other Sections of this Act, or of other standards or regulations adopted by the Board, to municipal waste incineration facilities. In issuing such permits, the Agency may prescribe those conditions necessary to assure continuing compliance with the emission limits and operating standards determined pursuant to subsection (b); such conditions may include the monitoring and reporting of emissions.

(d) Within one year after July 1, 1986, the Board shall adopt regulations pursuant to Title VII of this Act, which define the terms in items (2), (3) and (4) of subsection (b) of this Section which are to be used by the Agency in making its determination pursuant to this Section. The provisions of Section 27(b) of this Act shall not apply to this rulemaking.

Such regulations shall be written so that the categories of pollutants include, but need not be limited to, the following specific pollutants:

(1) hydrogen chloride in the definition of acid gases;

(2) arsenic, cadmium, mercury, chromium, nickel and lead in the definition of heavy metals; and

(3) polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in the definition of organic materials.

(e) For the purposes of this Section, the term "Best Available Control Technology" means an emission limitation (including a visible emission standard) based on the maximum degree of pollutant reduction which the Agency, on a case-by-case basis, taking into account energy, environmental and economic impacts, determines is achievable through the application of production processes or available methods, systems and techniques, including fuel cleaning or treatment or innovative fuel combustion techniques. If the Agency determines that technological or economic limitations on the application of measurement methodology to a particular class of sources would make the imposition of an emission standard not feasible, it may instead prescribe a design, equipment, work practice or operational standard, or combination thereof, to require the application of best available control technology. Such standard shall, to the degree possible, set forth the emission reduction achievable by implementation of such design, equipment, work practice or operation and shall provide for compliance by means which achieve equivalent results.

(f) "Municipal waste incineration" means the burning of municipal waste or fuel derived therefrom in a combustion apparatus designed to burn municipal waste that may produce electricity or steam as a by-product. A "new municipal waste incinerator" is an incinerator initially permitted for development or construction after January 1, 1986. For the purposes of this Section, "municipal waste incineration" does not include the burning of any fuel considered "bio-derived fuel" under Section 3.386 of this Act. For the purposes of this Section, municipal waste and fuel derived from municipal waste do not include non-hazardous secondary material that is excluded from solid waste when used legitimately as a fuel or an ingredient in a combustion unit in accordance with the standards and criteria set forth in 40 CFR Part 241. The determination of whether a material is a solid waste pursuant to the standards and criteria in Part 241 shall be obtained from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) in accordance with the procedures for USEPA determinations at 40 CFR Part 241 or from the Board. For the purposes of this Section, the determinations shall apply only to non-hazardous secondary materials pursuant to Part 241 that are also municipal waste pursuant to Section 3.290 of this Act. For waste determinations made by the Board under this subsection (f), the Board shall make the waste determinations in accordance with the standards and criteria for discarded non-hazardous secondary materials as provided at 40 CFR Part 241.

(g) The provisions of this Section shall not apply to industrial incineration facilities that burn waste generated at the same site.

(Source: P.A. 91-357, eff. 7-29-99; 92-574, eff. 6-26-02.)

(415 ILCS 5/22.16b) (from Ch. 111 1/2, par. 1022.16b)

Sec. 22.16b. (a) Beginning January 1, 1991, the Agency shall assess and collect a fee from the owner or operator of each new municipal waste incinerator. The fee shall be calculated by applying the rates established from time to time for the disposal of solid waste at sanitary landfills under subdivision (b)(1) of Section 22.15 to the total amount of municipal waste accepted for incineration at the new municipal waste incinerator. The exemptions provided by this Act to the fees imposed under subsection (b) of Section 22.15 shall not apply to the fee imposed by this Section.

The owner or operator of any new municipal waste incinerator permitted after January 1, 1990, but before July 1, 1990 by the Agency for the development or operation of a new municipal waste incinerator shall be exempt from this fee, but shall include the following conditions:

(1) The owner or operator shall provide information programs to those communities serviced by the owner or operator concerning recycling and separation of waste not suitable for incineration.

(2) The owner or operator shall provide information programs to those communities serviced by the owner or operator concerning the Agency's household hazardous waste collection program and participation in that program.

For the purposes of this Section, "new municipal waste incinerator" means a municipal waste incinerator initially permitted for development or construction on or after January 1, 1990. A municipal waste incinerator qualifies as a municipal waste incineration facility under Section 9.4 of this Act.

Amounts collected under this subsection shall be deposited into the Municipal Waste Incinerator Tax Fund, which is hereby established as an interest-bearing special fund in the State Treasury. Monies in the Fund may be used, subject to appropriation:

(1) by the Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity to fund its public information programs on recycling in those communities served by new municipal waste incinerators; and

(2) by the Agency to fund its household hazardous waste collection activities in those communities served by new municipal waste incinerators.

(b) Any permit issued by the Agency for the development or operation of a new municipal waste incinerator shall include the following conditions:

(1) The incinerator must be designed to provide continuous monitoring while in operation, with direct transmission of the resultant data to the Agency, until the Agency determines the best available control technology for monitoring the data. The Agency shall establish the test methods, procedures and averaging periods, as certified by the USEPA for solid waste incinerator units, and the form and frequency of reports containing results of the monitoring. Compliance and enforcement shall be based on such reports. Copies of the results of such monitoring shall be maintained on file at the facility concerned for one year, and copies shall be made available for inspection and copying by interested members of the public during business hours.

(2) The facility shall comply with the emission limits adopted by the Agency under subsection (c).

(3) The operator of the facility shall take reasonable measures to ensure that waste accepted for incineration complies with all legal requirements for incineration. The incinerator operator shall establish contractual requirements or other notification and inspection procedures sufficient to assure compliance with this subsection (b)(3) which may include, but not be limited to, routine inspections of waste, lists of acceptable and unacceptable waste provided to haulers and notification to the Agency when the facility operator rejects and sends loads away. The notification shall contain at least the name of the hauler and the site from where the load was hauled.

(4) The operator may not accept for incineration any waste generated or collected in a municipality that has not implemented a recycling plan or is party to an implemented county plan, consistent with State goals and objectives. Such plans shall include provisions for collecting, recycling or diverting from landfills and municipal incinerators landscape waste, household hazardous waste and batteries. Such provisions may be performed at the site of the new municipal incinerator.

The Agency, after careful scrutiny of a permit application for the construction, development or operation of a new municipal waste incinerator, shall deny the permit if (i) the Agency finds in the permit application noncompliance with the laws and rules of the State or (ii) the application indicates that the mandated air emissions standards will not be reached within six months of the proposed municipal waste incinerator beginning operation.

(c) The Agency shall adopt specific limitations on the emission of mercury, chromium, cadmium and lead, and good combustion practices, including temperature controls from municipal waste incinerators pursuant to Section 9.4 of the Act.

(d) The Agency shall establish household hazardous waste collection centers in appropriate places in this State. The Agency may operate and maintain the centers itself or may contract with other parties for that purpose. The Agency shall ensure that the wastes collected are properly disposed of. The collection centers may charge fees for their services, not to exceed the costs incurred. Such collection centers shall not (i) be regulated as hazardous waste facilities under RCRA nor (ii) be subject to local siting approval under Section 39.2 if the local governing authority agrees to waive local siting approval procedures.

(Source: P.A. 94-793, eff. 5-19-06.)

Section 99. Effective date. This Act takes effect upon becoming law.