SB0040 103RD GENERAL ASSEMBLY

LRB103 04654 LNS 49662 b

103RD GENERAL ASSEMBLY
State of Illinois
2023 and 2024
SB0040

Introduced 1/20/2023, by Sen. Sara Feigenholtz

SYNOPSIS AS INTRODUCED:

New Act

Creates the Electric Vehicle Charging Act. Provides that the Act applies to new single-family homes and newly constructed or renovated multi-unit residential buildings that have parking spaces and are constructed or renovated after the effective date of the Act. Defines terms. Provides that a new single-family residence or a small multifamily residence shall have at least one electric vehicle capable parking space for each residential unit that has dedicated parking, unless any subsequently adopted building code requires additional electric vehicle capable parking spaces or installed electric vehicle supply equipment. Includes electric vehicle parking space requirements for a new, large multifamily residential building or a large multifamily residential building being renovated by a developer converting the property to an association. Includes electric vehicle parking space requirements for affordable housing and for an existing multi-unit residential building subject to an association that undertakes renovation. Includes electric vehicle charging station policies for unit owners and for renters.

A BILL FOR

AN ACT concerning regulation.

Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois, represented in the General Assembly:

Section 1. Short title. This Act may be cited as the Electric Vehicle Charging Act.

Section 5. Legislative intent. Electric vehicles are an important tool to fight the climate crisis, tackle air pollution, and provide safe, clean, and affordable personal transportation. The State should encourage urgent and widespread adoption of electric vehicles. Since most current electric vehicle owners are single-family homeowners who charge at home, providing access to home charging for those in multi-unit dwellings is crucial to wider electric vehicle adoption. This includes small multifamily residences and condominium unit owners and renters, regardless of parking space ownership and regardless of income. Therefore, a significant portion of parking spaces in new and renovated residential developments shall be capable of electric vehicle charging. Additionally, renters and condominium unit owners shall be able to install charging equipment for electric vehicles under reasonable conditions.

Section 10. Applicability. This Act applies to new single-family homes and newly constructed or renovated multi-unit residential buildings that have parking spaces and are constructed or renovated after the effective date of this Act.

Section 15. Definitions. As used in this Act:

"Affordable housing development" means (i) any housing that is subsidized by the federal or State government or (ii) any housing in which at least 20% of the dwelling units are subject to covenants or restrictions that require that the dwelling units to be sold or rented at prices that preserve them as affordable housing for a period of at least 10 years.

"Association" has the meaning set forth in subsection (o) of Section 2 of the Condominium Property Act or Section 1-5 of the Common Interest Community Association Act, as applicable.

"Electric vehicle" means a vehicle that is exclusively powered by and refueled by electricity, plugs in to charge, and is licensed to drive on public roadways. "Electric vehicle" does not include electric mopeds, electric off-highway vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or extended-range electric vehicles that are equipped, fully or partially, with conventional fueled propulsion or auxiliary engines.

"Electric vehicle charging station" means a station that is designed in compliance with the relevant building code and delivers electricity from a source outside an electric vehicle into one or more electric vehicles.

"Electric vehicle charging system" means a device that is:

(1) used to provide electricity to an electric vehicle;

(2) designed to ensure that a safe connection has been made between the electric grid and the electric vehicle; and

(3) able to communicate with the vehicle's control system so that electricity flows at an appropriate voltage and current level. An electric vehicle charging system may be wall mounted or pedestal style, may provide multiple cords to connect with electric vehicles, and shall:

(i) be certified by Underwriters Laboratories or have been granted an equivalent certification; and

(ii) comply with the current version of Article 625 of the National Electrical Code.

"Electric vehicle supply equipment" or "EVSE" means a conductor, including an ungrounded, grounded, and equipment grounding conductor, and electric vehicle connectors, attachment plugs, and all other fittings, devices, power outlets, and apparatuses installed specifically for the purpose of transferring energy between the premises wiring and the electric vehicle.

"Electric vehicle system" includes several charging points simultaneously connecting several electric vehicles to the electric vehicle charging station and any related equipment needed to facilitate charging an electric vehicle.

"EV-capable" means parking spaces that have the electrical panel capacity and conduit installed during construction to support future implementation of electric vehicle charging with 208-volt or 240-volt or greater, 40-ampere or greater circuits. This strategy ensures the reduction of up-front costs for electric vehicle charging station installation by providing the electrical elements that are difficult to install during a retrofit. Anticipating the use of dual-head EVSE, the same circuit may be used to support charging in adjacent EV-capable spaces.

"EV-ready" means parking spaces that have full circuit installations of 208-volt or 240-volt or greater, 40-ampere or greater panel capacity, raceway wiring, receptacle and circuit overprotection devices. This strategy provides all required electrical hardware for the future installation of electric vehicle supply equipment. Anticipating the use of dual-head EVSE, the same circuit may be used to support charging in adjacent EV-ready spaces.

"EVSE-installed" means electric vehicle supply equipment that is fully installed from the electrical panel to the parking space.

"Large multifamily residence" means a single residential building that accommodates 5 families or more.

"Level 1" means a charging system that provides charging through a 120-volt AC plug with a standard conductive connector that meets the SAE International J1772 or J2954 standard or successor standards.

"Level 2" means a charging system that provides charging through a 208-volt to 240-volt AC plug with a standard conductive connector that meets the SAE International J1772 or J2954 standard or successor standards.

"New" means newly constructed.

"Reasonable restriction" means a restriction that does not significantly increase the cost of the electric vehicle charging station or electric vehicle charging system or significantly decrease its efficiency or specified performance.

"Renovated" means altered or added where electrical service capacity is increased by one electric service panel or more.

"Single-family residence" means a detached single-family residence on a single lot.

"Small multifamily residence" means a single residential building that accommodates 2 to 4 families.

Section 20. Electric vehicle capable parking space requirement. A new single-family residence or a small multifamily residence shall have at least one electric vehicle capable parking space for each residential unit that has dedicated parking, unless any subsequently adopted building code requires additional electric vehicle capable parking spaces or installed EVSE. A new single-family residence or small multifamily residence that qualifies as an affordable housing development shall have one EV-capable parking space for each code-required parking space if the owner is issued a building permit 24 months after the effective date of this Act. Where code-required parking exceeds one parking space per dwelling unit, only one parking space per dwelling unit is required to be EV-capable.

Section 25. Residential requirements.

(a) A new, large multifamily residential building or a large multifamily residential building being renovated by a developer converting the property to an association shall have:

(1) 100% of its total parking spaces electric vehicle ready, if there are one to 6 parking spaces;

(2) 100% of its total parking spaces electric vehicle capable, of which at least 20% shall be electric vehicle ready, if there are 7 to 23 parking spaces; or

(3) 100% of its total parking spaces electric vehicle capable, if there are 24 or more parking spaces, of which at least 5 spots shall be electric vehicle ready. Additionally, if there are 24 or more parking spaces, a new or renovated residential multi-unit building shall provide at least one parking space with electric vehicle supply equipment installed, and for each additional parking space with electric vehicle supply equipment installed, the electric vehicle ready requirement is decreased by 2%. Where additional parking exists or is feasible, each parking space shall be marked and signed for common use by residents. A resident shall use an electric vehicle parking space only when the resident is charging the electric vehicle.

(b) The following requirements and timelines shall apply for affordable housing. A new construction single-family residence or small multifamily residence that qualifies as an affordable housing development under the same project ownership and is located on a campus with centralized parking areas is subject to the requirements and timelines below.

All building permits issued 24 months after the effective date of this Act shall require a new construction large multifamily residence that qualifies as an affordable housing development to have the following, unless additional requirements are required under a subsequently adopted building code:

Required EVSE-installed spaces and EV-ready spaces count toward meeting the required percentage of EV-capable spaces; for example, for lots with 20% EV-ready spaces, an additional 20% of spaces would need to be EV-capable.

The following shall apply for building permits issued 5 years after the effective date of this Act, unless additional requirements are set forth in a subsequently adopted building code, for a new construction large multifamily residence that qualifies as an affordable housing development:

Required EVSE-installed spaces and EV-ready spaces count toward meeting the required percentage of EV-capable spaces; for example, for lots with 20% EV-ready spaces, an additional 30% of spaces would need to be EV-capable.

The following shall apply for building permits issued 10 years after the effective date of this Act, unless additional requirements are set forth in a subsequently adopted building code, for a new construction large multifamily residence that qualifies as an affordable housing development:

Required EVSE-installed spaces and EV-ready spaces count toward meeting the required percentage of EV-capable spaces; for example, for lots with 20% EV-ready spaces, an additional 50% of spaces would need to be EV-capable.

(c) An existing multi-unit residential building subject to an association that undertakes a capital maintenance, repair, replacement, or improvement project related to electrical power infrastructure, when such project constitutes renovated as defined in this Act, shall be required to upgrade or install electrical panel capacity for dedicated branch circuits sufficient to ensure that the residential building has the power capacity to become electric vehicle capable as it relates to the space requirements in subsection (a). When such capital improvements are undertaken, the required number of electric vehicle capable designated circuits may be reduced to reflect what is possible within the residential building using existing power capacities, including use of existing all electrical panels suitable for electric vehicle charging at 208-volt or 240-volt AC plugs and any power transformation of existing power from higher voltages to voltages suitable for electric vehicle charging and the addition of associated new electrical panels suitable for electric vehicle charging. Under these circumstances the residential building is not required to increase the existing utility power supply into the building to meet the space requirements in subsection (a).

(d) A renovated large multifamily residential building that qualifies as an affordable housing development is subject to requirements in subparagraph (c) if more than 25% of parking spaces are substantially modified.

(e) An accessible parking space is not required by this Section if no accessible parking spaces are required by the local zoning code. For the first required accessible EV-ready or EVSE-installed parking space, the electric vehicle supply equipment infrastructure may be located so that the electric vehicle supply equipment will be located on an accessible route and may be shared by an accessible parking space and a parking space not required to be accessible. Otherwise, both an accessible parking space and a parking space not required to be accessible must be EV-ready or EVSE-installed. Residents authorized to use an accessible parking space shall not be required to charge an electric vehicle to use the parking space.

Section 30. Electric vehicle charging station policy for unit owners.

(a) Any covenant, restriction, or condition contained in any deed, contract, security interest, or other instrument affecting the transfer or sale of any interest in a condominium or common interest community, and any provision of a governing document that effectively prohibits or unreasonably restricts the installation or use of an electric vehicle charging station within a unit owner's unit or a designated parking space, including, but not limited to, a deeded parking space, a parking space in a unit owner's exclusive use common area, or a parking space that is specifically designated for use by a particular unit owner, or is in conflict with this Section, is void and unenforceable.

(b) This Section does not apply to provisions that impose a reasonable restriction on an electric vehicle charging station. Any electric vehicle charging station installed by a unit owner pursuant to this Section is the property of that unit owner and in no case will be deemed a part of the common elements or common area.

(c) An electric vehicle charging station shall meet applicable health and safety standards and requirements imposed by State and local authorities and all other applicable zoning, land use, or other ordinances or land use permits.

(d) If approval is required for the installation or use of an electric vehicle charging station, the association shall process and approve the application in the same manner as an application for approval of an alteration, modification, or improvement to common elements or common areas or an architectural modification to the property, and the association shall not unreasonably delay the approval or denial of the application. The approval or denial of an application shall be in writing. If an application is not denied in writing within 60 days from the date of the receipt of the application, the application shall be deemed approved unless the delay is the result of a reasonable request for additional information.

(e) If the electric vehicle charging station is to be placed in a common area or exclusive use common area, as designated by the condominium or common interest community association, the following applies:

(1) The unit owner shall first obtain prior written approval from the association to install the electric vehicle charging station and the association shall approve the installation if the unit owner agrees, in writing, to:

(A) comply with the association's architectural standards or other reasonable conditions and restrictions for the installation of the electric vehicle charging station;

(B) engage a licensed and insured electrical contractor to install the electric vehicle charging station. The electrical contractor shall name the association, its officers, directors, and agents as additional insured and shall provide a certificate of insurance to the association evidencing such additional insured status;

(C) within 14 days after approval, provide a certificate of insurance that names the association, its officers, directors, and agents as an additional insured party under the unit owner's insurance policy as required under paragraph (3);

(D) pay for both the costs associated with the installation of and the electricity usage associated with the electric vehicle charging station; and

(E) be responsible for damage to the common elements or common areas or other units resulting from the installation, use, and removal of the electric vehicle charging station.

(2) The unit owner, and each successive unit owner of the electric vehicle charging station, is responsible for:

(A) costs for damage to the electric vehicle charging station, common area, exclusive use common area, or separate interests resulting from the installation, maintenance, repair, removal, or replacement of the electric vehicle charging station;

(B) costs for the maintenance, repair, and replacement of the electric vehicle charging station until it has been removed, and for the restoration of the common area after removal;

(C) costs of electricity associated with the charging station, which shall be based on:

(i) a submetering device; or

(ii) a reasonable calculation of cost, based on the average miles driven, efficiency of the electric vehicle calculated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, and the cost of electricity for the common area; and

(D) disclosing to a prospective buyer the existence of any electric vehicle charging station of the unit owner and the related responsibilities of the unit owner under this Section.

(3) The purpose of the costs under paragraph (2) is for the reasonable reimbursement of electricity usage and shall not be set to deliberately exceed the reasonable reimbursement.

(4) The unit owner of the electric vehicle charging station, whether the electric vehicle charging station is located within the common area or exclusive use common area, shall, at all times, maintain a liability coverage policy. The unit owner that submitted the application to install the electric vehicle charging station shall provide the association with the corresponding certificate of insurance within 14 days after approval of the application. The unit owner, and each successive unit owner, shall provide the association with the certificate of insurance annually thereafter.

(5) A unit owner is not required to maintain a homeowner liability coverage policy for an existing National Electrical Manufacturers Association standard alternating current power plug.

(f) Except as provided in subsection (g), the installation of an electric vehicle charging station for the exclusive use of a unit owner in a common area that is not an exclusive use common area may be authorized by the association, subject to applicable law, only if installation in the unit owner's designated parking space is impossible or unreasonably expensive. In such an event, the association shall enter into a license agreement with the unit owner for the use of the space in a common area, and the unit owner shall comply with all of the requirements in subsection (e).

(g) An association may install an electric vehicle charging station in the common area for the use of all unit owners and members of the association. The association shall develop appropriate terms of use for the electric vehicle charging station.

(h) An association that willfully violates this Section shall be liable to the unit owner for actual damages and shall pay a civil penalty to the unit owner not to exceed $1,000.

(i) In any action by a unit owner requesting to have an electric vehicle charging station installed and seeking to enforce compliance with this Section, the court shall award reasonable attorney's fees to a prevailing plaintiff.

Section 35. Electric vehicle charging system policy for renters.

(a) Notwithstanding any provision in the lease to the contrary and subject to subsection (b):

(1) a tenant may install, at the tenant's expense for the tenant's own use, a level 1 or level 2 electric vehicle charging system on or in the leased premises;

(2) a landlord shall not assess or charge a tenant any fee for the placement or use of an electric vehicle charging system, except that:

(A) the landlord may:

(i) require reimbursement for the actual cost of electricity provided by the landlord that was used by the electric vehicle charging system; or

(ii) charge a reasonable fee for access. If the electric vehicle charging system is part of a network for which a network fee is charged, the landlord's reimbursement may include the amount of the network fee. Nothing in this subparagraph requires a landlord to impose upon a tenant a fee or charge other than the rental payments specified in the lease;

(B) the landlord may require reimbursement for the cost of the installation of the electric vehicle charging system, including any additions or upgrades to existing wiring directly attributable to the requirements of the electric vehicle charging system, if the landlord places or causes the electric vehicle charging system to be placed at the request of the tenant; and

(C) if the tenant desires to place an electric vehicle charging system in an area accessible to other tenants, the landlord may assess or charge the tenant a reasonable fee to reserve a specific parking space in which to install the electric vehicle charging system.

(b) A landlord may require a tenant to comply with:

(1) bona fide safety requirements consistent with an applicable building code or recognized safety standard for the protection of persons and property;

(2) a requirement that the electric vehicle charging system be registered with the landlord within 30 days after installation; or

(3) reasonable aesthetic provisions that govern the dimensions, placement, or external appearance of an electric vehicle charging system.

(c) A tenant may place an electric vehicle charging system in an area accessible to other tenants if:

(1) the electric vehicle charging system is in compliance with all applicable requirements adopted by a landlord under subsection (b); and

(2) the tenant agrees, in writing, to:

(A) comply with the landlord's design specifications for the installation of an electric vehicle charging system;

(B) engage the services of a duly licensed and registered electrical contractor familiar with the installation and code requirements of an electric vehicle charging system; and

(C) provide, within 14 days after receiving the landlord's consent for the installation, a certificate of insurance naming the landlord as an additional insured party on the tenant's renter's insurance policy for any claim related to the installation, maintenance, or use of the electric vehicle charging system or, at the landlord's option, reimbursement to the landlord for the actual cost of any increased insurance premium amount attributable to the electric vehicle charging system, notwithstanding any provision to the contrary in the lease. The tenant shall provide reimbursement for an increased insurance premium amount within 14 days after the tenant receives the landlord's invoice for the amount attributable to the electric vehicle charging system.

(d) If the landlord consents to a tenant's installation of an electric vehicle charging system on property accessible to other tenants, including a parking space, carport, or garage stall, then, unless otherwise specified in a written agreement with the landlord:

(1) The tenant, and each successive tenant with exclusive rights to the area where the electric vehicle charging system is installed, is responsible for costs for damages to the electric vehicle charging system and to any other property of the landlord or another tenant resulting from the installation, maintenance, repair, removal, or replacement of the electric vehicle charging system.

(A) Costs under this paragraph shall be based on:

(i) an inexpensive submetering device; or

(ii) a reasonable calculation of cost, based on the average miles driven, efficiency of the electric vehicle calculated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, and the cost of electricity for the common area.

(B) The purpose of the costs under this paragraph is for reasonable reimbursement of electricity usage and shall not be set to deliberately exceed that reasonable reimbursement.

(2) Each successive tenant with exclusive rights to the area where the electric vehicle charging system is installed shall assume responsibility for the repair, maintenance, removal, and replacement of the electric vehicle charging system until the electric vehicle charging system is removed.

(3) The tenant, and each successive tenant with exclusive rights to the area where the electric vehicle charging system is installed, shall, at all times, have and maintain an insurance policy covering the obligations of the tenant under this subsection and shall name the landlord as an additional insured party under the policy.

(4) The tenant, and each successive tenant with exclusive rights to the area where the electric vehicle charging system is installed, is responsible for removing the system if reasonably necessary or convenient for the repair, maintenance, or replacement of any property of the landlord, whether or not leased to another tenant.

(e) An electric vehicle charging system installed at the tenant's cost is the property of the tenant. Upon termination of the lease, if the electric vehicle charging system is removable, the tenant may either remove it or sell it to the landlord or another tenant for an agreed price. Nothing in this subsection requires the landlord or another tenant to purchase the electric vehicle charging system.

(f) A landlord that willfully violates this Section shall be liable to the tenant for actual damages, and shall pay a civil penalty to the tenant in an amount not to exceed $1,000.

(g) In any action by a tenant requesting to have an electric vehicle charging system installed and seeking to enforce compliance with this Section, the court shall award reasonable attorney's fees to a prevailing plaintiff.

(h) A tenant whose landlord is an owner in an association and who desires to install an electric vehicle charging station must obtain approval to do so through the tenant's landlord or owner and in accordance with those provisions of this Act applicable to associations.