HB1084 103RD GENERAL ASSEMBLY

LRB103 05019 RLC 50032 b

103RD GENERAL ASSEMBLY
State of Illinois
2023 and 2024
HB1084

Introduced 1/12/2023, by Rep. Mary E. Flowers

SYNOPSIS AS INTRODUCED:

705 ILCS 405/5-410
730 ILCS 5/3-15-2	from Ch. 38, par. 1003-15-2

Amends the Unified Code of Corrections. Provides that a minor placed in a State or county juvenile detention facility may not be placed in isolation for discipline, punishment, retaliation, or any other reason except as a temporary response to a minor's behavior that poses a serious and immediate risk of physical harm to any individual, including the minor. Provides that if a minor placed in a State or county juvenile detention facility poses a serious and immediate risk of physical harm to any individual, including the minor, before a staff member of the facility places the minor in isolation, the staff member shall attempt to use other less restrictive options, unless attempting those options poses a threat to the safety or security of any minor or staff. Limits the amount of time the minor may be placed in isolation. Amends the Juvenile Court Act of 1987 to make conforming changes.

A BILL FOR

AN ACT concerning minors.

Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois, represented in the General Assembly:

Section 5. The Juvenile Court Act of 1987 is amended by changing Section 5-410 as follows:

(705 ILCS 405/5-410)

Sec. 5-410. Non-secure custody or detention.

(1) Any minor arrested or taken into custody pursuant to this Act who requires care away from his or her home but who does not require physical restriction shall be given temporary care in a foster family home or other shelter facility designated by the court.

(2) (a) Any minor 10 years of age or older arrested pursuant to this Act where there is probable cause to believe that the minor is a delinquent minor and that (i) secure custody is a matter of immediate and urgent necessity for the protection of the minor or of the person or property of another, (ii) the minor is likely to flee the jurisdiction of the court, or (iii) the minor was taken into custody under a warrant, may be kept or detained in an authorized detention facility. A minor under 13 years of age shall not be admitted, kept, or detained in a detention facility unless a local youth service provider, including a provider through the Comprehensive Community Based Youth Services network, has been contacted and has not been able to accept the minor. No minor under 12 years of age shall be detained in a county jail or a municipal lockup for more than 6 hours.

(a-5) For a minor arrested or taken into custody for vehicular hijacking or aggravated vehicular hijacking, a previous finding of delinquency for vehicular hijacking or aggravated vehicular hijacking shall be given greater weight in determining whether secured custody of a minor is a matter of immediate and urgent necessity for the protection of the minor or of the person or property of another.

(b) The written authorization of the probation officer or detention officer (or other public officer designated by the court in a county having 3,000,000 or more inhabitants) constitutes authority for the superintendent of any juvenile detention home to detain and keep a minor for up to 40 hours, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and court-designated holidays. These records shall be available to the same persons and pursuant to the same conditions as are law enforcement records as provided in Section 5-905.

(b-4) The consultation required by paragraph (b-5) shall not be applicable if the probation officer or detention officer (or other public officer designated by the court in a county having 3,000,000 or more inhabitants) utilizes a scorable detention screening instrument, which has been developed with input by the State's Attorney, to determine whether a minor should be detained, however, paragraph (b-5) shall still be applicable where no such screening instrument is used or where the probation officer, detention officer (or other public officer designated by the court in a county having 3,000,000 or more inhabitants) deviates from the screening instrument.

(b-5) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (b-4), if a probation officer or detention officer (or other public officer designated by the court in a county having 3,000,000 or more inhabitants) does not intend to detain a minor for an offense which constitutes one of the following offenses he or she shall consult with the State's Attorney's Office prior to the release of the minor: first degree murder, second degree murder, involuntary manslaughter, criminal sexual assault, aggravated criminal sexual assault, aggravated battery with a firearm as described in Section 12-4.2 or subdivision (e)(1), (e)(2), (e)(3), or (e)(4) of Section 12-3.05, aggravated or heinous battery involving permanent disability or disfigurement or great bodily harm, robbery, aggravated robbery, armed robbery, vehicular hijacking, aggravated vehicular hijacking, vehicular invasion, arson, aggravated arson, kidnapping, aggravated kidnapping, home invasion, burglary, or residential burglary.

(c) Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (a), (d), or (e), no minor shall be detained in a county jail or municipal lockup for more than 12 hours, unless the offense is a crime of violence in which case the minor may be detained up to 24 hours. For the purpose of this paragraph, "crime of violence" has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 1-10 of the Alcoholism and Other Drug Abuse and Dependency Act.

(i) The period of detention is deemed to have begun once the minor has been placed in a locked room or cell or handcuffed to a stationary object in a building housing a county jail or municipal lockup. Time spent transporting a minor is not considered to be time in detention or secure custody.

(ii) Any minor so confined shall be under periodic supervision and shall not be permitted to come into or remain in contact with adults in custody in the building.

(iii) Upon placement in secure custody in a jail or lockup, the minor shall be informed of the purpose of the detention, the time it is expected to last and the fact that it cannot exceed the time specified under this Act.

(iv) A log shall be kept which shows the offense which is the basis for the detention, the reasons and circumstances for the decision to detain, and the length of time the minor was in detention.

(v) Violation of the time limit on detention in a county jail or municipal lockup shall not, in and of itself, render inadmissible evidence obtained as a result of the violation of this time limit. Minors under 18 years of age shall be kept separate from confined adults and may not at any time be kept in the same cell, room, or yard with adults confined pursuant to criminal law. Persons 18 years of age and older who have a petition of delinquency filed against them may be confined in an adult detention facility. In making a determination whether to confine a person 18 years of age or older who has a petition of delinquency filed against the person, these factors, among other matters, shall be considered:

(A) the age of the person;

(B) any previous delinquent or criminal history of the person;

(C) any previous abuse or neglect history of the person; and

(D) any mental health or educational history of the person, or both.

(d) (i) If a minor 12 years of age or older is confined in a county jail in a county with a population below 3,000,000 inhabitants, then the minor's confinement shall be implemented in such a manner that there will be no contact by sight, sound, or otherwise between the minor and adult prisoners. Minors 12 years of age or older must be kept separate from confined adults and may not at any time be kept in the same cell, room, or yard with confined adults. This paragraph (d)(i) shall only apply to confinement pending an adjudicatory hearing and shall not exceed 40 hours, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and court-designated holidays. To accept or hold minors during this time period, county jails shall comply with all monitoring standards adopted by the Department of Corrections and training standards approved by the Illinois Law Enforcement Training Standards Board.

(ii) To accept or hold minors, 12 years of age or older, after the time period prescribed in paragraph (d)(i) of this subsection (2) of this Section but not exceeding 7 days including Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays pending an adjudicatory hearing, county jails shall comply with all temporary detention standards adopted by the Department of Corrections and training standards approved by the Illinois Law Enforcement Training Standards Board.

(iii) To accept or hold minors 12 years of age or older, after the time period prescribed in paragraphs (d)(i) and (d)(ii) of this subsection (2) of this Section, county jails shall comply with all county juvenile detention standards, including standards on isolation of minors under Section 3-15-2 of the Unified Code of Corrections, adopted by the Department of Juvenile Justice.

(e) When a minor who is at least 15 years of age is prosecuted under the criminal laws of this State, the court may enter an order directing that the juvenile be confined in the county jail. However, any juvenile confined in the county jail under this provision shall be separated from adults who are confined in the county jail in such a manner that there will be no contact by sight, sound or otherwise between the juvenile and adult prisoners.

(f) For purposes of appearing in a physical lineup, the minor may be taken to a county jail or municipal lockup under the direct and constant supervision of a juvenile police officer. During such time as is necessary to conduct a lineup, and while supervised by a juvenile police officer, the sight and sound separation provisions shall not apply.

(g) For purposes of processing a minor, the minor may be taken to a county jail or municipal lockup under the direct and constant supervision of a law enforcement officer or correctional officer. During such time as is necessary to process the minor, and while supervised by a law enforcement officer or correctional officer, the sight and sound separation provisions shall not apply.

(3) If the probation officer or State's Attorney (or such other public officer designated by the court in a county having 3,000,000 or more inhabitants) determines that the minor may be a delinquent minor as described in subsection (3) of Section 5-105, and should be retained in custody but does not require physical restriction, the minor may be placed in non-secure custody for up to 40 hours pending a detention hearing.

(4) Any minor taken into temporary custody, not requiring secure detention, may, however, be detained in the home of his or her parent or guardian subject to such conditions as the court may impose.

(5) The changes made to this Section by Public Act 98-61 apply to a minor who has been arrested or taken into custody on or after January 1, 2014 (the effective date of Public Act 98-61).

(Source: P.A. 100-745, eff. 8-10-18; 101-81, eff. 7-12-19.)

Section 10. The Unified Code of Corrections is amended by changing Section 3-15-2 as follows:

(730 ILCS 5/3-15-2) (from Ch. 38, par. 1003-15-2)

Sec. 3-15-2. Standards and Assistance to Local Jails and Detention and Shelter Care Facilities.

(a) The Department of Corrections shall establish for the operation of county and municipal jails and houses of correction, minimum standards for the physical condition of such institutions and for the treatment of inmates with respect to their health and safety and the security of the community.

(1) The Department of Juvenile Justice shall establish for the operation of county juvenile detention and shelter care facilities established pursuant to the County Shelter Care and Detention Home Act, minimum standards for the physical condition of such institutions and for the treatment of juveniles with respect to their health and safety and the security of the community.

(2) Such standards shall not apply to county shelter care facilities which were in operation prior to January 1, 1980; except that standards on isolation of minors placed in those county shelter care facilities under paragraph (3) apply.

(3) A minor placed in a State or county juvenile detention facility may not be placed in isolation for discipline, punishment, retaliation, or any other reason except as as a temporary response to a minor's behavior that poses a serious and immediate risk of physical harm to any individual, including the minor. If a minor placed in a State or county juvenile detention facility poses a serious and immediate risk of physical harm to any individual, including the minor, before a staff member of the facility places the minor in isolation, the staff member shall attempt to use other less restrictive options, unless attempting those options poses a threat to the safety or security of any minor or staff. If the minor is placed in isolation because the minor poses a serious and immediate risk of physical harm to himself or herself, or to others, the minor shall be released from isolation immediately upon the minor sufficiently gaining control so as to no longer engage in behavior that threatens a serious and immediate risk of physical harm to himself or herself, or to others, but in no event later than:

(A) 3 hours after being placed in isolation, in the case of a minor who poses a serious and immediate risk of physical harm to others; or

(B) 30 minutes after being placed in isolation, in the case of a minor who poses a serious and immediate risk of physical harm only to himself or herself.

As used in this paragraph (3):

"Isolation" means a state of isolation in which a minor is unable to engage in social interactions and religious and recreational activities with other minors placed in the facility or with parents, guardians, other family members, friends, loved ones, caregivers, and external support systems.

"Religious and recreational activities" includes any religious, social, or recreational activity that is consistent with a minor's preferences and choosing, regardless of whether the activity is coordinated, offered, provided, or sponsored by facility staff or by an outside activities provider.

(4) Such standards shall not seek to mandate minimum floor space requirements for each inmate housed in cells and detention rooms in county and municipal jails and houses of correction. However, no more than two inmates may be housed in a single cell or detention room.

(5) When an inmate is tested for an airborne communicable disease, as determined by the Illinois Department of Public Health including but not limited to tuberculosis, the results of the test shall be personally delivered by the warden or his or her designee in a sealed envelope to the judge of the court in which the inmate must appear for the judge's inspection in camera if requested by the judge. Acting in accordance with the best interests of those in the courtroom, the judge shall have the discretion to determine what if any precautions need to be taken to prevent transmission of the disease in the courtroom.

(b) At least once each year, the Department of Corrections may inspect each adult facility for compliance with the standards established and the results of such inspection shall be made available by the Department for public inspection. At least once each year, the Department of Juvenile Justice shall inspect each county juvenile detention and shelter care facility for compliance with the standards established, and the Department of Juvenile Justice shall make the results of such inspections available for public inspection. If any detention, shelter care or correctional facility does not comply with the standards established, the Director of Corrections or the Director of Juvenile Justice, as the case may be, shall give notice to the county board and the sheriff or the corporate authorities of the municipality, as the case may be, of such noncompliance, specifying the particular standards that have not been met by such facility. If the facility is not in compliance with such standards when six months have elapsed from the giving of such notice, the Director of Corrections or the Director of Juvenile Justice, as the case may be, may petition the appropriate court for an order requiring such facility to comply with the standards established by the Department or for other appropriate relief.

(c) The Department of Corrections may provide consultation services for the design, construction, programs and administration of correctional facilities and services for adults operated by counties and municipalities and may make studies and surveys of the programs and the administration of such facilities. Personnel of the Department shall be admitted to these facilities as required for such purposes. The Department may develop and administer programs of grants-in-aid for correctional services in cooperation with local agencies. The Department may provide courses of training for the personnel of such institutions and conduct pilot projects in the institutions.

(c-5) The Department of Juvenile Justice may provide consultation services for the design, construction, programs, and administration of detention and shelter care services for children operated by counties and municipalities and may make studies and surveys of the programs and the administration of such facilities. Personnel of the Department of Juvenile Justice shall be admitted to these facilities as required for such purposes. The Department of Juvenile Justice may develop and administer programs of grants-in-aid for juvenile correctional services in cooperation with local agencies. The Department of Juvenile Justice may provide courses of training for the personnel of such institutions and conduct pilot projects in the institutions.

(d) The Department is authorized to issue reimbursement grants for counties, municipalities or public building commissions for the purpose of meeting minimum correctional facilities standards set by the Department under this Section. Grants may be issued only for projects that were completed after July 1, 1980 and initiated prior to January 1, 1987.

(1) Grants for regional correctional facilities shall not exceed 90% of the project costs or $7,000,000, whichever is less.

(2) Grants for correctional facilities by a single county, municipality or public building commission shall not exceed 75% of the proposed project costs or $4,000,000, whichever is less.

(3) As used in this subsection (d), "project" means only that part of a facility that is constructed for jail, correctional or detention purposes and does not include other areas of multi-purpose buildings.

Construction or renovation grants are authorized to be issued by the Capital Development Board from capital development bond funds after application by a county or counties, municipality or municipalities or public building commission or commissions and approval of a construction or renovation grant by the Department for projects initiated after January 1, 1987.

(e) The Department of Corrections shall adopt standards for county jails to hold juveniles on a temporary basis, as provided in Section 5-410 of the Juvenile Court Act of 1987. These standards shall include monitoring, educational, recreational, and disciplinary standards as well as access to medical services, crisis intervention, mental health services, suicide prevention, health care, nutritional needs, and visitation rights. The Department of Corrections shall also notify any county applying to hold juveniles in a county jail of the standards for juvenile detention under Section 5-410 of the Juvenile Court Act of 1987.

(Source: P.A. 98-685, eff. 1-1-15.)