SB4251 102ND GENERAL ASSEMBLY

LRB102 29848 RLC 41983 b

102ND GENERAL ASSEMBLY
State of Illinois
2021 and 2022
SB4251

Introduced 1/3/2023, by Sen. Doris Turner

SYNOPSIS AS INTRODUCED:

See Index

Amends the Specialized Mental Health Rehabilitation Act of 2013. Excludes from definition of "consumer" under the Act an individual who has been found unfit to stand trial, or not guilty by reason of insanity, and is currently subject to a court order requiring placement in secure, inpatient care in the custody of the Department of Human Services pursuant to the Code of Criminal Procedure of 1963 or the Unified Code of Corrections, as applicable. Amends the Code of Criminal Procedure of 1963 concerning defendants unfit to stand trial. Provides that a defendant whose disability is mental and the most serious offense charged against the defendant is a misdemeanor, the court shall order outpatient treatment, unless the court finds good cause on the record to order inpatient treatment. Provides that the Department shall admit the defendant to a secure facility within 60 days of the transmittal of the court's placement order, unless the Department can demonstrate good faith efforts at placement and a lack of bed and placement availability. Provides that if placement cannot be made within 60 days of the transmittal of the court's placement order and the Department has demonstrated good faith efforts at placement and a lack of bed and placement availability, the Department shall provide an update to the ordering court every 30 days until the defendant is placed. Deletes language providing that if, within 20 days of the transmittal by the clerk of the circuit court of the placement court order, the Department fails to notify the sheriff of the identity of the facility to which the defendant shall be transported, the sheriff shall notify the Department of its intent to transfer the defendant to the nearest secure mental health facility operated by the Department and inquire as to the status of the placement evaluation and availability for admission to such facility operated by the Department by contacting a designated person within the Department. Provides that, upon a determination that there is not a substantial probability that the defendant will attain fitness within the period specified in the Code from the original finding of unfitness, the court shall hold a discharge hearing within 60 days, unless good cause is shown for the delay. Makes other changes.

A BILL FOR

AN ACT concerning criminal law.

Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois, represented in the General Assembly:

Section 5. The Specialized Mental Health Rehabilitation Act of 2013 is amended by changing Section 1-102 as follows:

(210 ILCS 49/1-102)

Sec. 1-102. Definitions. For the purposes of this Act, unless the context otherwise requires:

"Abuse" means any physical or mental injury or sexual assault inflicted on a consumer other than by accidental means in a facility.

"Accreditation" means any of the following:

(1) the Joint Commission;

(2) the Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities;

(3) the Healthcare Facilities Accreditation Program; or

(4) any other national standards of care as approved by the Department.

"APRN" means an Advanced Practice Registered Nurse, nationally certified as a mental health or psychiatric nurse practitioner and licensed under the Nurse Practice Act.

"Applicant" means any person making application for a license or a provisional license under this Act.

"Consumer" means a person, 18 years of age or older, admitted to a mental health rehabilitation facility for evaluation, observation, diagnosis, treatment, stabilization, recovery, and rehabilitation.

"Consumer" does not mean any of the following:

(i) an individual requiring a locked setting;

(ii) an individual requiring psychiatric hospitalization because of an acute psychiatric crisis;

(iii) an individual under 18 years of age;

(iv) an individual who is actively suicidal or violent toward others;

(v) an individual who has been found unfit to stand trial and is currently subject to a court order requiring placement in secure, inpatient care in the custody of the Department of Human Services pursuant to Section 104-17 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of 1963;

(vi) an individual who has been found not guilty by reason of insanity and is currently subject to a court order requiring placement in secure, inpatient care in the custody of the Department of Human Services pursuant to Section 5-2-4 of the Unified Code of Corrections based on committing a violent act, such as sexual assault, assault with a deadly weapon, arson, or murder;

(vii) an individual subject to temporary detention and examination under Section 3-607 of the Mental Health and Developmental Disabilities Code;

(viii) an individual deemed clinically appropriate for inpatient admission in a State psychiatric hospital; and

(ix) an individual transferred by the Department of Corrections pursuant to Section 3-8-5 of the Unified Code of Corrections.

"Consumer record" means a record that organizes all information on the care, treatment, and rehabilitation services rendered to a consumer in a specialized mental health rehabilitation facility.

"Controlled drugs" means those drugs covered under the federal Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention Control Act of 1970, as amended, or the Illinois Controlled Substances Act.

"Department" means the Department of Public Health.

"Discharge" means the full release of any consumer from a facility.

"Drug administration" means the act in which a single dose of a prescribed drug or biological is given to a consumer. The complete act of administration entails removing an individual dose from a container, verifying the dose with the prescriber's orders, giving the individual dose to the consumer, and promptly recording the time and dose given.

"Drug dispensing" means the act entailing the following of a prescription order for a drug or biological and proper selection, measuring, packaging, labeling, and issuance of the drug or biological to a consumer.

"Emergency" means a situation, physical condition, or one or more practices, methods, or operations which present imminent danger of death or serious physical or mental harm to consumers of a facility.

"Facility" means a specialized mental health rehabilitation facility that provides at least one of the following services: (1) triage center; (2) crisis stabilization; (3) recovery and rehabilitation supports; or (4) transitional living units for 3 or more persons. The facility shall provide a 24-hour program that provides intensive support and recovery services designed to assist persons, 18 years or older, with mental disorders to develop the skills to become self-sufficient and capable of increasing levels of independent functioning. It includes facilities that meet the following criteria:

(1) 100% of the consumer population of the facility has a diagnosis of serious mental illness;

(2) no more than 15% of the consumer population of the facility is 65 years of age or older;

(3) none of the consumers are non-ambulatory;

(4) none of the consumers have a primary diagnosis of moderate, severe, or profound intellectual disability; and

(5) the facility must have been licensed under the Specialized Mental Health Rehabilitation Act or the Nursing Home Care Act immediately preceding July 22, 2013 (the effective date of this Act) and qualifies as an institute for mental disease under the federal definition of the term.

"Facility" does not include the following:

(1) a home, institution, or place operated by the federal government or agency thereof, or by the State of Illinois;

(2) a hospital, sanitarium, or other institution whose principal activity or business is the diagnosis, care, and treatment of human illness through the maintenance and operation as organized facilities therefor which is required to be licensed under the Hospital Licensing Act;

(3) a facility for child care as defined in the Child Care Act of 1969;

(4) a community living facility as defined in the Community Living Facilities Licensing Act;

(5) a nursing home or sanitarium sanatorium operated solely by and for persons who rely exclusively upon treatment by spiritual means through prayer, in accordance with the creed or tenets of any well-recognized church or religious denomination; however, such nursing home or sanitarium sanatorium shall comply with all local laws and rules relating to sanitation and safety;

(6) a facility licensed by the Department of Human Services as a community-integrated living arrangement as defined in the Community-Integrated Living Arrangements Licensure and Certification Act;

(7) a supportive residence licensed under the Supportive Residences Licensing Act;

(8) a supportive living facility in good standing with the program established under Section 5-5.01a of the Illinois Public Aid Code, except only for purposes of the employment of persons in accordance with Section 3-206.01 of the Nursing Home Care Act;

(9) an assisted living or shared housing establishment licensed under the Assisted Living and Shared Housing Act, except only for purposes of the employment of persons in accordance with Section 3-206.01 of the Nursing Home Care Act;

(10) an Alzheimer's disease management center alternative health care model licensed under the Alternative Health Care Delivery Act;

(11) a home, institution, or other place operated by or under the authority of the Illinois Department of Veterans' Affairs;

(12) a facility licensed under the ID/DD Community Care Act;

(13) a facility licensed under the Nursing Home Care Act after July 22, 2013 (the effective date of this Act); or

(14) a facility licensed under the MC/DD Act.

"Executive director" means a person who is charged with the general administration and supervision of a facility licensed under this Act and who is a licensed nursing home administrator, licensed practitioner of the healing arts, or qualified mental health professional.

"Guardian" means a person appointed as a guardian of the person or guardian of the estate, or both, of a consumer under the Probate Act of 1975.

"Identified offender" means a person who meets any of the following criteria:

(1) Has been convicted of, found guilty of, adjudicated delinquent for, found not guilty by reason of insanity for, or found unfit to stand trial for, any felony offense listed in Section 25 of the Health Care Worker Background Check Act, except for the following:

(i) a felony offense described in Section 10-5 of the Nurse Practice Act;

(ii) a felony offense described in Section 4, 5, 6, 8, or 17.02 of the Illinois Credit Card and Debit Card Act;

(iii) a felony offense described in Section 5, 5.1, 5.2, 7, or 9 of the Cannabis Control Act;

(iv) a felony offense described in Section 401, 401.1, 404, 405, 405.1, 407, or 407.1 of the Illinois Controlled Substances Act; and

(v) a felony offense described in the Methamphetamine Control and Community Protection Act.

(2) Has been convicted of, adjudicated delinquent for, found not guilty by reason of insanity for, or found unfit to stand trial for, any sex offense as defined in subsection (c) of Section 10 of the Sex Offender Management Board Act.

"Transitional living units" are residential units within a facility that have the purpose of assisting the consumer in developing and reinforcing the necessary skills to live independently outside of the facility. The duration of stay in such a setting shall not exceed 120 days for each consumer. Nothing in this definition shall be construed to be a prerequisite for transitioning out of a facility.

"Licensee" means the person, persons, firm, partnership, association, organization, company, corporation, or business trust to which a license has been issued.

"Misappropriation of a consumer's property" means the deliberate misplacement, exploitation, or wrongful temporary or permanent use of a consumer's belongings or money without the consent of a consumer or his or her guardian.

"Neglect" means a facility's failure to provide, or willful withholding of, adequate medical care, mental health treatment, psychiatric rehabilitation, personal care, or assistance that is necessary to avoid physical harm and mental anguish of a consumer.

"Personal care" means assistance with meals, dressing, movement, bathing, or other personal needs, maintenance, or general supervision and oversight of the physical and mental well-being of an individual who is incapable of maintaining a private, independent residence or who is incapable of managing his or her person, whether or not a guardian has been appointed for such individual. "Personal care" shall not be construed to confine or otherwise constrain a facility's pursuit to develop the skills and abilities of a consumer to become self-sufficient and capable of increasing levels of independent functioning.

"Recovery and rehabilitation supports" means a program that facilitates a consumer's longer-term symptom management and stabilization while preparing the consumer for transitional living units by improving living skills and community socialization. The duration of stay in such a setting shall be established by the Department by rule.

"Restraint" means:

(i) a physical restraint that is any manual method or physical or mechanical device, material, or equipment attached or adjacent to a consumer's body that the consumer cannot remove easily and restricts freedom of movement or normal access to one's body; devices used for positioning, including, but not limited to, bed rails, gait belts, and cushions, shall not be considered to be restraints for purposes of this Section; or

(ii) a chemical restraint that is any drug used for discipline or convenience and not required to treat medical symptoms; the Department shall, by rule, designate certain devices as restraints, including at least all those devices that have been determined to be restraints by the United States Department of Health and Human Services in interpretive guidelines issued for the purposes of administering Titles XVIII and XIX of the federal Social Security Act. For the purposes of this Act, restraint shall be administered only after utilizing a coercive free environment and culture.

"Self-administration of medication" means consumers shall be responsible for the control, management, and use of their own medication.

"Crisis stabilization" means a secure and separate unit that provides short-term behavioral, emotional, or psychiatric crisis stabilization as an alternative to hospitalization or re-hospitalization for consumers from residential or community placement. The duration of stay in such a setting shall not exceed 21 days for each consumer.

"Therapeutic separation" means the removal of a consumer from the milieu to a room or area which is designed to aid in the emotional or psychiatric stabilization of that consumer.

"Triage center" means a non-residential 23-hour center that serves as an alternative to emergency room care, hospitalization, or re-hospitalization for consumers in need of short-term crisis stabilization. Consumers may access a triage center from a number of referral sources, including family, emergency rooms, hospitals, community behavioral health providers, federally qualified health providers, or schools, including colleges or universities. A triage center may be located in a building separate from the licensed location of a facility, but shall not be more than 1,000 feet from the licensed location of the facility and must meet all of the facility standards applicable to the licensed location. If the triage center does operate in a separate building, safety personnel shall be provided, on site, 24 hours per day and the triage center shall meet all other staffing requirements without counting any staff employed in the main facility building.

(Source: P.A. 102-1053, eff. 6-10-22; revised 8-24-22.)

Section 10. The Code of Criminal Procedure of 1963 is amended by changing Sections 104-17 and 104-23 as follows:

(725 ILCS 5/104-17) (from Ch. 38, par. 104-17)

(Text of Section before amendment by P.A. 101-652)

Sec. 104-17. Commitment for treatment; treatment plan.

(a) If the defendant is eligible to be or has been released on bail or on his own recognizance, the court shall select the least physically restrictive form of treatment therapeutically appropriate and consistent with the treatment plan. The placement may be ordered either on an inpatient or an outpatient basis.

(b) If the defendant's disability is mental, the court may order him placed for treatment in the custody of the Department of Human Services, or the court may order him placed in the custody of any other appropriate public or private mental health facility or treatment program which has agreed to provide treatment to the defendant. If the court orders the defendant placed in the custody of the Department of Human Services, the Department shall evaluate the defendant to determine to which secure facility the defendant shall be transported and, within 20 days of the transmittal by the clerk of the circuit court of the placement court order, notify the sheriff of the designated facility. Upon receipt of that notice, the sheriff shall promptly transport the defendant to the designated facility. If the defendant is placed in the custody of the Department of Human Services, the defendant shall be placed in a secure setting. During the period of time required to determine the appropriate placement the defendant shall remain in jail. If during the course of evaluating the defendant for placement, the Department of Human Services determines that the defendant is currently fit to stand trial, it shall immediately notify the court and shall submit a written report within 7 days. In that circumstance the placement shall be held pending a court hearing on the Department's report. Otherwise, upon completion of the placement process, the sheriff shall be notified and shall transport the defendant to the designated facility. If, within 20 days of the transmittal by the clerk of the circuit court of the placement court order, the Department fails to notify the sheriff of the identity of the facility to which the defendant shall be transported, the sheriff shall contact a designated person within the Department to inquire about when a placement will become available at the designated facility and bed availability at other facilities. If, within 20 days of the transmittal by the clerk of the circuit court of the placement court order, the Department fails to notify the sheriff of the identity of the facility to which the defendant shall be transported, the sheriff shall notify the Department of its intent to transfer the defendant to the nearest secure mental health facility operated by the Department and inquire as to the status of the placement evaluation and availability for admission to such facility operated by the Department by contacting a designated person within the Department. The Department shall respond to the sheriff within 2 business days of the notice and inquiry by the sheriff seeking the transfer and the Department shall provide the sheriff with the status of the evaluation, information on bed and placement availability, and an estimated date of admission for the defendant and any changes to that estimated date of admission. If the Department notifies the sheriff during the 2 business day period of a facility operated by the Department with placement availability, the sheriff shall promptly transport the defendant to that facility. The placement may be ordered either on an inpatient or an outpatient basis.

(c) If the defendant's disability is physical, the court may order him placed under the supervision of the Department of Human Services which shall place and maintain the defendant in a suitable treatment facility or program, or the court may order him placed in an appropriate public or private facility or treatment program which has agreed to provide treatment to the defendant. The placement may be ordered either on an inpatient or an outpatient basis.

(d) The clerk of the circuit court shall within 5 days of the entry of the order transmit to the Department, agency or institution, if any, to which the defendant is remanded for treatment, the following:

(1) a certified copy of the order to undergo treatment. Accompanying the certified copy of the order to undergo treatment shall be the complete copy of any report prepared under Section 104-15 of this Code or other report prepared by a forensic examiner for the court;

(2) the county and municipality in which the offense was committed;

(3) the county and municipality in which the arrest took place;

(4) a copy of the arrest report, criminal charges, arrest record; and

(5) all additional matters which the Court directs the clerk to transmit.

(e) Within 30 days of entry of an order to undergo treatment, the person supervising the defendant's treatment shall file with the court, the State, and the defense a report assessing the facility's or program's capacity to provide appropriate treatment for the defendant and indicating his opinion as to the probability of the defendant's attaining fitness within a period of time from the date of the finding of unfitness. For a defendant charged with a felony, the period of time shall be one year. For a defendant charged with a misdemeanor, the period of time shall be no longer than the sentence if convicted of the most serious offense. If the report indicates that there is a substantial probability that the defendant will attain fitness within the time period, the treatment supervisor shall also file a treatment plan which shall include:

(1) A diagnosis of the defendant's disability;

(2) A description of treatment goals with respect to rendering the defendant fit, a specification of the proposed treatment modalities, and an estimated timetable for attainment of the goals;

(3) An identification of the person in charge of supervising the defendant's treatment.

(Source: P.A. 99-140, eff. 1-1-16; 100-27, eff. 1-1-18.)

(Text of Section after amendment by P.A. 101-652)

Sec. 104-17. Commitment for treatment; treatment plan.

(a) If the defendant is eligible to be or has been released on pretrial release or on his own recognizance, the court shall select the least physically restrictive form of treatment therapeutically appropriate and consistent with the treatment plan. The placement may be ordered either on an inpatient or an outpatient basis.

(b) If the defendant's disability is mental, the court may order him placed for secure treatment in the custody of the Department of Human Services, or the court may order him placed in the custody of any other appropriate public or private mental health facility or treatment program which has agreed to provide treatment to the defendant. If the most serious charge against the defendant is a misdemeanor, the court shall order outpatient treatment, unless the court finds good cause on the record to order inpatient treatment. If the court orders the defendant to inpatient treatment placed in the custody of the Department of Human Services, the Department shall evaluate the defendant to determine the most appropriate to which secure facility to receive the defendant shall be transported and, within 20 days of the transmittal by the clerk of the circuit court of the court's placement court order, notify the court sheriff of the designated facility to receive the defendant. The Department shall admit the defendant to a secure facility within 60 days of the transmittal of the court's placement order, unless the Department can demonstrate good faith efforts at placement and a lack of bed and placement availability. If placement cannot be made within 60 days of the transmittal of the court's placement order and the Department has demonstrated good faith efforts at placement and a lack of bed and placement availability, the Department shall provide an update to the ordering court every 30 days until the defendant is placed. Once bed and placement availability are determined, the Department shall notify Upon receipt of that notice, the sheriff who shall promptly transport the defendant to the designated facility. If the defendant is placed in the custody of the Department of Human Services, the defendant shall be placed in a secure setting. During the period of time required to determine bed and placement availability at the designated facility, the appropriate placement the defendant shall remain in jail. If during the course of evaluating the defendant for placement, the Department of Human Services determines that the defendant is currently fit to stand trial, it shall immediately notify the court and shall submit a written report within 7 days. In that circumstance the placement shall be held pending a court hearing on the Department's report. Otherwise, upon completion of the placement process, including identifying bed and placement availability, the sheriff shall be notified and shall transport the defendant to the designated facility. If, within 60 20 days of the transmittal by the clerk of the circuit court of the court's placement court order, the Department fails to provide notify the sheriff with notice of bed and placement availability at the designated facility of the identity of the facility to which the defendant shall be transported, the sheriff shall contact a designated person within the Department to inquire about when a placement will become available at the designated facility as well as and bed and placement availability at other secure facilities. If, within 20 days of the transmittal by the clerk of the circuit court of the placement court order, the Department fails to notify the sheriff of the identity of the facility to which the defendant shall be transported, the sheriff shall notify the Department of its intent to transfer the defendant to the nearest secure mental health facility operated by the Department and inquire as to the status of the placement evaluation and availability for admission to such facility operated by the Department by contacting a designated person within the Department. The Department shall respond to the sheriff within 2 business days of the notice and inquiry by the sheriff, seeking the transfer and the Department shall provide the sheriff with the status of the evaluation, information on bed and placement availability, and an estimated date of admission for the defendant and any changes to the designated facility or that estimated date of admission. If the Department notifies the sheriff during the 2 business day period of a facility operated by the Department with bed and placement availability, the sheriff shall promptly transport the defendant to that facility. The placement may be ordered either on an inpatient or an outpatient basis.

(c) If the defendant's disability is physical, the court may order him placed under the supervision of the Department of Human Services which shall place and maintain the defendant in a suitable treatment facility or program, or the court may order him placed in an appropriate public or private facility or treatment program which has agreed to provide treatment to the defendant. The placement may be ordered either on an inpatient or an outpatient basis.

(d) The clerk of the circuit court shall within 5 days of the entry of the order transmit to the Department, agency or institution, if any, to which the defendant is remanded for treatment, the following:

(1) a certified copy of the order to undergo treatment. Accompanying the certified copy of the order to undergo treatment shall be the complete copy of any report prepared under Section 104-15 of this Code or other report prepared by a forensic examiner for the court;

(2) the county and municipality in which the offense was committed;

(3) the county and municipality in which the arrest took place;

(4) a copy of the arrest report, criminal charges, arrest record; and

(5) all additional matters which the Court directs the clerk to transmit.

(e) Within 30 days of admission to the designated facility entry of an order to undergo treatment, the person supervising the defendant's treatment shall file with the court, the State, and the defense a report assessing the facility's or program's capacity to provide appropriate treatment for the defendant and indicating his opinion as to the probability of the defendant's attaining fitness within a period of time from the date of the finding of unfitness. For a defendant charged with a felony, the period of time shall be one year. For a defendant charged with a misdemeanor, the period of time shall be no longer than the sentence if convicted of the most serious offense. If the report indicates that there is a substantial probability that the defendant will attain fitness within the time period, the treatment supervisor shall also file a treatment plan which shall include:

(1) A diagnosis of the defendant's disability;

(2) A description of treatment goals with respect to rendering the defendant fit, a specification of the proposed treatment modalities, and an estimated timetable for attainment of the goals;

(3) An identification of the person in charge of supervising the defendant's treatment.

(Source: P.A. 100-27, eff. 1-1-18; 101-652, eff. 1-1-23.)

(725 ILCS 5/104-23) (from Ch. 38, par. 104-23)

Sec. 104-23. Unfit defendants. Cases involving an unfit defendant who demands a discharge hearing or a defendant who cannot become fit to stand trial and for whom no special provisions or assistance can compensate for his disability and render him fit shall proceed in the following manner:

(a) Upon a determination that there is not a substantial probability that the defendant will attain fitness within the time period set in subsection (e) of Section 104-17 of this Code from the original finding of unfitness, the court shall hold a discharge hearing within 60 days, unless good cause is shown for the delay a defendant or the attorney for the defendant may move for a discharge hearing pursuant to the provisions of Section 104-25. The discharge hearing shall be held within 120 days of the filing of a motion for a discharge hearing, unless the delay is occasioned by the defendant.

(b) If at any time the court determines that there is not a substantial probability that the defendant will become fit to stand trial or to plead within the time period set in subsection (e) of Section 104-17 of this Code from the date of the original finding of unfitness, or if at the end of the time period set in subsection (e) of Section 104-17 of this Code from that date the court finds the defendant still unfit and for whom no special provisions or assistance can compensate for his disabilities and render him fit, the State shall request the court:

(1) To set the matter for hearing pursuant to Section 104-25 unless a hearing has already been held pursuant to paragraph (a) of this Section; or

(2) To release the defendant from custody and to dismiss with prejudice the charges against him; or

(3) To remand the defendant to the custody of the Department of Human Services and order a hearing to be conducted pursuant to the provisions of the Mental Health and Developmental Disabilities Code, as now or hereafter amended. The Department of Human Services shall have 7 days from the date it receives the defendant to prepare and file the necessary petition and certificates that are required for commitment under the Mental Health and Developmental Disabilities Code. If the defendant is committed to the Department of Human Services pursuant to such hearing, the court having jurisdiction over the criminal matter shall dismiss the charges against the defendant, with the leave to reinstate. In such cases the Department of Human Services shall notify the court, the State's Attorney attorney and the defense attorney upon the discharge of the defendant. A former defendant so committed shall be treated in the same manner as any other civilly committed patient for all purposes including admission, selection of the place of treatment and the treatment modalities, entitlement to rights and privileges, transfer, and discharge. A defendant who is not committed shall be remanded to the court having jurisdiction of the criminal matter for disposition pursuant to subparagraph (1) or (2) of paragraph (b) of this Section.

(c) If the defendant is restored to fitness and the original charges against him are reinstated, the speedy trial provisions of Section 103-5 shall commence to run.

(Source: P.A. 98-1025, eff. 8-22-14.)

Section 95. No acceleration or delay. Where this Act makes changes in a statute that is represented in this Act by text that is not yet or no longer in effect (for example, a Section represented by multiple versions), the use of that text does not accelerate or delay the taking effect of (i) the changes made by this Act or (ii) provisions derived from any other Public Act.