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1 | AN ACT concerning health.
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2 | Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois,
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3 | represented in the General Assembly:
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4 | Section 1. Short title. This Act may be cited as the | |||||||||||||||||||
5 | Administration of Antibiotics to Food-Producing Animals Act. | |||||||||||||||||||
6 | Section 5. Findings; purpose. | |||||||||||||||||||
7 | (a) The General Assembly finds and declares that: | |||||||||||||||||||
8 | (1) the World Health Organization has stated that | |||||||||||||||||||
9 | "without urgent, coordinated action by many stakeholders, | |||||||||||||||||||
10 | the world is headed for a post-antibiotic era, in which | |||||||||||||||||||
11 | common infections and minor injuries which have been | |||||||||||||||||||
12 | treatable for decades can once again kill"; | |||||||||||||||||||
13 | (2) the United States Food and Drug Administration and | |||||||||||||||||||
14 | the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have stated | |||||||||||||||||||
15 | that there is a definitive link between the use of | |||||||||||||||||||
16 | antibiotics on industrial farms and the crisis of | |||||||||||||||||||
17 | antibiotic resistance in humans; | |||||||||||||||||||
18 | (3) the issue of antibiotics overuse, whether on | |||||||||||||||||||
19 | humans or animals, is a significant and urgent human | |||||||||||||||||||
20 | health matter; | |||||||||||||||||||
21 | (4) the American Veterinary Medical Association finds | |||||||||||||||||||
22 | that "antimicrobial use in animals, people, and the | |||||||||||||||||||
23 | environment all contribute to the emergence of resistance, |
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1 | and resistance spreads across species and settings"; | ||||||
2 | (5) the World Health Organization recommends "complete | ||||||
3 | restriction of use of all classes of medically important | ||||||
4 | antimicrobials in food-producing animals for prevention of | ||||||
5 | infectious diseases that have not yet been clinically | ||||||
6 | diagnosed"; | ||||||
7 | (6) nearly two-thirds of medically important | ||||||
8 | antibiotics sold in the United States are given to | ||||||
9 | food-producing animals, often to compensate for the | ||||||
10 | effects of unsanitary and overcrowded living conditions; | ||||||
11 | (7) many of the antibiotics provided to food-producing | ||||||
12 | animals are identical to, or from the same family as, | ||||||
13 | drugs used in human medicine to cure serious diseases; | ||||||
14 | therefore, bacterial resistance to these drugs poses a | ||||||
15 | threat to human health because these drugs may not work to | ||||||
16 | treat human disease when needed; and | ||||||
17 | (8) passing this Act is necessary to protect the | ||||||
18 | health and safety of Illinois consumers from antibiotic | ||||||
19 | resistant bacteria spreading through the food supply. | ||||||
20 | (b) The purpose of this Act is to protect public health by | ||||||
21 | preserving the effectiveness of medically important | ||||||
22 | antibiotics now and for future generations by eliminating the | ||||||
23 | use of those medicines in food-producing animals for disease | ||||||
24 | prevention, in order to reduce the rise and spread of | ||||||
25 | antibiotic resistant bacteria that put human and animal health | ||||||
26 | at risk. |
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1 | Section 10. Definitions. As used in this Act: | ||||||
2 | "Department" means the Department of Agriculture. | ||||||
3 | "Food-producing animal" means: | ||||||
4 | (1) cattle, swine, or poultry, regardless of whether | ||||||
5 | the specific animal is raised for the purpose of producing | ||||||
6 | food for human consumption; or | ||||||
7 | (2) any type of animal that the Department identifies | ||||||
8 | by rule as livestock typically used to produce food for | ||||||
9 | human consumption. | ||||||
10 | "Producer" means a person or entity that establishes | ||||||
11 | management and production standards for the maintenance, care, | ||||||
12 | and raising of food-producing animals and that: | ||||||
13 | (1) operates a business raising food-producing animals | ||||||
14 | that are used to produce any product group sold by a | ||||||
15 | grocer; or | ||||||
16 | (2) purchases or otherwise obtains live food-producing | ||||||
17 | animals that it slaughters, or sells for slaughter, for | ||||||
18 | production of any product group sold by a grocer. | ||||||
19 | "Medically important antibiotic" means a drug that is | ||||||
20 | composed in whole or in part of a drug from an antimicrobial | ||||||
21 | class that is categorized as critically important, highly | ||||||
22 | important, or important in the World Health Organization list | ||||||
23 | of Critically Important Antimicrobials for Human Medicine (5th | ||||||
24 | Revision, 2017), or a subsequent revision or successor | ||||||
25 | document issued by the World Health Organization. |
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1 | "Disease prevention" means the administration of medically | ||||||
2 | important antibiotics by feed, water, injection, or any other | ||||||
3 | route to a group of animals, none of which have been clinically | ||||||
4 | diagnosed with the disease for which the antibiotic is given. | ||||||
5 | "Disease control" means the administration of medically | ||||||
6 | important antibiotics to a group of animals once a proportion | ||||||
7 | of the animals in the group have been clinically diagnosed | ||||||
8 | with the disease being controlled. | ||||||
9 | "Disease treatment" means the administration of medically | ||||||
10 | important antibiotics only to animals diagnosed, based upon | ||||||
11 | clinical signs or other appropriate diagnostic methods, with | ||||||
12 | the indicated disease. | ||||||
13 | Section 15. Administration of antibiotics to | ||||||
14 | food-producing animals. | ||||||
15 | (a) This Section applies to the provision of medically | ||||||
16 | important antibiotics to food-producing animals on or after | ||||||
17 | January 1, 2023. | ||||||
18 | (b) A medically important antibiotic may be administered | ||||||
19 | to a food-producing animal only if prescribed by a | ||||||
20 | veterinarian licensed under the Veterinary Medicine and | ||||||
21 | Surgery Practice Act of 2004 who has visited the farm | ||||||
22 | operation within the previous 6 months and only if deemed | ||||||
23 | necessary for: | ||||||
24 | (1) disease treatment; | ||||||
25 | (2) disease control; or |
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1 | (3) a surgical or other medical procedure that exposes | ||||||
2 | normally sterile body sites to infection. | ||||||
3 | (c) A producer may provide a medically important | ||||||
4 | antibiotic to a food-producing animal only for the period | ||||||
5 | necessary to accomplish a purpose described in subsection (b). | ||||||
6 | In that case, antibiotics should be used on the smallest | ||||||
7 | number of animals and for the shortest time possible. | ||||||
8 | In addition to any information described in Section 20, | ||||||
9 | the producer shall keep a record of the specific beginning and | ||||||
10 | ending dates for the provision of an antibiotic. | ||||||
11 | (d) A medically important antibiotic may not be | ||||||
12 | administered to food-producing animals solely for the purpose | ||||||
13 | of: | ||||||
14 | (1) promoting weight gain; | ||||||
15 | (2) improving feed efficiency; or | ||||||
16 | (3) disease prevention. | ||||||
17 | Section 20. Annual report. | ||||||
18 | (a) A producer that operates a large concentrated animal | ||||||
19 | feeding operation, as defined by the United States | ||||||
20 | Environmental Protection Agency, must file an annual report | ||||||
21 | under this Section in a form and manner required by the | ||||||
22 | Department by rule. If the producer and a contracting entity | ||||||
23 | enter into an agreement for the contracting entity to assume | ||||||
24 | the annual report filing duty, the contracting entity shall | ||||||
25 | include in the annual report the name and address of the |
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1 | producer on whose behalf the contracting entity is submitting | ||||||
2 | the annual report. If any medically important antibiotics were | ||||||
3 | provided to food-producing animals during the reporting | ||||||
4 | period, then the annual report must contain the following | ||||||
5 | information: | ||||||
6 | (1) the location of the facility where the medically | ||||||
7 | important antibiotic was used; | ||||||
8 | (2) the medically important antibiotic and class of | ||||||
9 | antimicrobial used; | ||||||
10 | (3) the duration of use, including the number of | ||||||
11 | treatment days; | ||||||
12 | (4) the species and production class of animals | ||||||
13 | receiving the medically important antibiotic; | ||||||
14 | (5) the number of animals receiving the medically | ||||||
15 | important antibiotic; | ||||||
16 | (6) the total number of animals raised at the | ||||||
17 | facility, which is data that is key to understanding | ||||||
18 | variations in use and benchmarking performance; | ||||||
19 | (7) the indication and purpose for which the | ||||||
20 | veterinarian prescribed the medically important | ||||||
21 | antibiotic; | ||||||
22 | (8) the dosage of the medically important antibiotic; | ||||||
23 | (9) the quantity of each medically important | ||||||
24 | antibiotic prescribed to each species of food-producing | ||||||
25 | animal; | ||||||
26 | (10) the method of providing each medically important |
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1 | antibiotic to a food-producing animal; and | ||||||
2 | (11) any other information required to be kept | ||||||
3 | pursuant to U.S. Food and Drug Administration regulations | ||||||
4 | 21 CFR 558.6(b)(3) and 21 CFR 558.6(b)(4). | ||||||
5 | (b) Information provided under paragraph (7) of subsection | ||||||
6 | (a) must include whether a medically important antibiotic was | ||||||
7 | provided to a food-producing animal for the purpose of: | ||||||
8 | (1) surgery or a medical procedure; | ||||||
9 | (2) disease control; or | ||||||
10 | (3) disease treatment. | ||||||
11 | (c) Information reported under this Section shall be made | ||||||
12 | publicly available by the Department annually in an online, | ||||||
13 | searchable database of aggregated data, except that the | ||||||
14 | Department shall withhold the identities of individual | ||||||
15 | producers. | ||||||
16 | (d) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (c), | ||||||
17 | information reported under this Section is a public record and | ||||||
18 | is not subject to exemption from disclosure. The Department | ||||||
19 | may not redact, withhold, or delay the release of information | ||||||
20 | reported under this Section, except the identities of | ||||||
21 | individual producers pursuant to subsection (c). | ||||||
22 | Section 25. Implementation. The Department may take the | ||||||
23 | actions necessary to prepare to implement the provisions of | ||||||
24 | this Act in advance of the effective date of the other | ||||||
25 | provisions of this Act.
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1 | Section 30. Violations. The Attorney General has exclusive | ||||||
2 | authority to enforce the provisions of this Act. Each | ||||||
3 | violation of this Act is punishable by a civil penalty not to | ||||||
4 | exceed $1,000. The Attorney General may also seek injunctive | ||||||
5 | relief to prevent further violations of this Act.
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