HB2860 100TH GENERAL ASSEMBLY

LRB100 09896 MJP 20067 b

100TH GENERAL ASSEMBLY
State of Illinois
2017 and 2018
HB2860

Introduced , by Rep. Lawrence Walsh, Jr.

SYNOPSIS AS INTRODUCED:

415 ILCS 5/3.330	was 415 ILCS 5/3.32
415 ILCS 5/3.336 new
415 ILCS 5/3.366 new
415 ILCS 5/3.535	was 415 ILCS 5/3.53
415 ILCS 5/9.4	from Ch. 111 1/2, par. 1009.4
415 ILCS 5/22.16b	from Ch. 111 1/2, par. 1022.16b
415 ILCS 5/47.5 new

Amends the Environmental Protection Act. Provides that the portion of a site or facility that collects, separates, stores, or converts post-use polymers into crude oil, fuels, or other valuable final or intermediate products using a pyrolysis process is not a pollution control facility under the Act. Defines "post-use polymers" and "pyrolysis". Makes changes to the definition for "municipal waste incineration" in provisions concerning municipal waste incineration emission standards. Limits the concurrent exercise of power by home rule units. Makes other changes. Effective immediately.

FISCAL NOTE ACT MAY APPLY

HOME RULE NOTE ACT MAY APPLY

A BILL FOR

AN ACT concerning safety.

Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois, represented in the General Assembly:

Section 5. The Environmental Protection Act is amended by changing Sections 3.330, 3.535, 9.4, and 22.16b and by adding Sections 3.336, 3.366, and 47.5 as follows:

(415 ILCS 5/3.330) (was 415 ILCS 5/3.32)

Sec. 3.330. Pollution control facility.

(a) "Pollution control facility" is any waste storage site, sanitary landfill, waste disposal site, waste transfer station, waste treatment facility, or waste incinerator. This includes sewers, sewage treatment plants, and any other facilities owned or operated by sanitary districts organized under the Metropolitan Water Reclamation District Act.

The following are not pollution control facilities:

(1) (blank);

(2) waste storage sites regulated under 40 CFR, Part 761.42;

(3) sites or facilities used by any person conducting a waste storage, waste treatment, waste disposal, waste transfer or waste incineration operation, or a combination thereof, for wastes generated by such person's own activities, when such wastes are stored, treated, disposed of, transferred or incinerated within the site or facility owned, controlled or operated by such person, or when such wastes are transported within or between sites or facilities owned, controlled or operated by such person;

(4) sites or facilities at which the State is performing removal or remedial action pursuant to Section 22.2 or 55.3;

(5) abandoned quarries used solely for the disposal of concrete, earth materials, gravel, or aggregate debris resulting from road construction activities conducted by a unit of government or construction activities due to the construction and installation of underground pipes, lines, conduit or wires off of the premises of a public utility company which are conducted by a public utility;

(6) sites or facilities used by any person to specifically conduct a landscape composting operation;

(7) regional facilities as defined in the Central Midwest Interstate Low-Level Radioactive Waste Compact;

(8) the portion of a site or facility where coal combustion wastes are stored or disposed of in accordance with subdivision (r)(2) or (r)(3) of Section 21;

(9) the portion of a site or facility used for the collection, storage or processing of waste tires as defined in Title XIV;

(10) the portion of a site or facility used for treatment of petroleum contaminated materials by application onto or incorporation into the soil surface and any portion of that site or facility used for storage of petroleum contaminated materials before treatment. Only those categories of petroleum listed in Section 57.9(a)(3) are exempt under this subdivision (10);

(11) the portion of a site or facility where used oil is collected or stored prior to shipment to a recycling or energy recovery facility, provided that the used oil is generated by households or commercial establishments, and the site or facility is a recycling center or a business where oil or gasoline is sold at retail;

(11.5) processing sites or facilities that receive only on-specification used oil, as defined in 35 Ill. Admin. Code 739, originating from used oil collectors for processing that is managed under 35 Ill. Admin. Code 739 to produce products for sale to off-site petroleum facilities, if these processing sites or facilities are: (i) located within a home rule unit of local government with a population of at least 30,000 according to the 2000 federal census, that home rule unit of local government has been designated as an Urban Round II Empowerment Zone by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, and that home rule unit of local government has enacted an ordinance approving the location of the site or facility and provided funding for the site or facility; and (ii) in compliance with all applicable zoning requirements;

(12) the portion of a site or facility utilizing coal combustion waste for stabilization and treatment of only waste generated on that site or facility when used in connection with response actions pursuant to the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, the federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976, or the Illinois Environmental Protection Act or as authorized by the Agency;

(13) the portion of a site or facility that accepts exclusively general construction or demolition debris and is operated and located in accordance with Section 22.38 of this Act;

(14) the portion of a site or facility, located within a unit of local government that has enacted local zoning requirements, used to accept, separate, and process uncontaminated broken concrete, with or without protruding metal bars, provided that the uncontaminated broken concrete and metal bars are not speculatively accumulated, are at the site or facility no longer than one year after their acceptance, and are returned to the economic mainstream in the form of raw materials or products;

(15) the portion of a site or facility located in a county with a population over 3,000,000 that has obtained local siting approval under Section 39.2 of this Act for a municipal waste incinerator on or before July 1, 2005 and that is used for a non-hazardous waste transfer station;

(16) a site or facility that temporarily holds in transit for 10 days or less, non-putrescible solid waste in original containers, no larger in capacity than 500 gallons, provided that such waste is further transferred to a recycling, disposal, treatment, or storage facility on a non-contiguous site and provided such site or facility complies with the applicable 10-day transfer requirements of the federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 and United States Department of Transportation hazardous material requirements. For purposes of this Section only, "non-putrescible solid waste" means waste other than municipal garbage that does not rot or become putrid, including, but not limited to, paints, solvent, filters, and absorbents;

(17) the portion of a site or facility located in a county with a population greater than 3,000,000 that has obtained local siting approval, under Section 39.2 of this Act, for a municipal waste incinerator on or before July 1, 2005 and that is used for wood combustion facilities for energy recovery that accept and burn only wood material, as included in a fuel specification approved by the Agency;

(18) a transfer station used exclusively for landscape waste, including a transfer station where landscape waste is ground to reduce its volume, where the landscape waste is held no longer than 24 hours from the time it was received;

(19) the portion of a site or facility that (i) is used for the composting of food scrap, livestock waste, crop residue, uncontaminated wood waste, or paper waste, including, but not limited to, corrugated paper or cardboard, and (ii) meets all of the following requirements:

(A) There must not be more than a total of 30,000 cubic yards of livestock waste in raw form or in the process of being composted at the site or facility at any one time.

(B) All food scrap, livestock waste, crop residue, uncontaminated wood waste, and paper waste must, by the end of each operating day, be processed and placed into an enclosed vessel in which air flow and temperature are controlled, or all of the following additional requirements must be met:

(i) The portion of the site or facility used for the composting operation must include a setback of at least 200 feet from the nearest potable water supply well.

(ii) The portion of the site or facility used for the composting operation must be located outside the boundary of the 10-year floodplain or floodproofed.

(iii) Except in municipalities with more than 1,000,000 inhabitants, the portion of the site or facility used for the composting operation must be located at least one-eighth of a mile from the nearest residence, other than a residence located on the same property as the site or facility.

(iv) The portion of the site or facility used for the composting operation must be located at least one-eighth of a mile from the property line of all of the following areas:

(I) Facilities that primarily serve to house or treat people that are immunocompromised or immunosuppressed, such as cancer or AIDS patients; people with asthma, cystic fibrosis, or bioaerosol allergies; or children under the age of one year.

(II) Primary and secondary schools and adjacent areas that the schools use for recreation.

(III) Any facility for child care licensed under Section 3 of the Child Care Act of 1969; preschools; and adjacent areas that the facilities or preschools use for recreation.

(v) By the end of each operating day, all food scrap, livestock waste, crop residue, uncontaminated wood waste, and paper waste must be (i) processed into windrows or other piles and (ii) covered in a manner that prevents scavenging by birds and animals and that prevents other nuisances.

(C) Food scrap, livestock waste, crop residue, uncontaminated wood waste, paper waste, and compost must not be placed within 5 feet of the water table.

(D) The site or facility must meet all of the requirements of the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act (16 U.S.C. 1271 et seq.).

(E) The site or facility must not (i) restrict the flow of a 100-year flood, (ii) result in washout of food scrap, livestock waste, crop residue, uncontaminated wood waste, or paper waste from a 100-year flood, or (iii) reduce the temporary water storage capacity of the 100-year floodplain, unless measures are undertaken to provide alternative storage capacity, such as by providing lagoons, holding tanks, or drainage around structures at the facility.

(F) The site or facility must not be located in any area where it may pose a threat of harm or destruction to the features for which:

(i) an irreplaceable historic or archaeological site has been listed under the National Historic Preservation Act (16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.) or the Illinois Historic Preservation Act;

(ii) a natural landmark has been designated by the National Park Service or the Illinois State Historic Preservation Office; or

(iii) a natural area has been designated as a Dedicated Illinois Nature Preserve under the Illinois Natural Areas Preservation Act.

(G) The site or facility must not be located in an area where it may jeopardize the continued existence of any designated endangered species, result in the destruction or adverse modification of the critical habitat for such species, or cause or contribute to the taking of any endangered or threatened species of plant, fish, or wildlife listed under the Endangered Species Act (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) or the Illinois Endangered Species Protection Act;

(20) the portion of a site or facility that is located entirely within a home rule unit having a population of no less than 120,000 and no more than 135,000, according to the 2000 federal census, and that meets all of the following requirements:

(i) the portion of the site or facility is used exclusively to perform testing of a thermochemical conversion technology using only woody biomass, collected as landscape waste within the boundaries of the home rule unit, as the hydrocarbon feedstock for the production of synthetic gas in accordance with Section 39.9 of this Act;

(ii) the portion of the site or facility is in compliance with all applicable zoning requirements; and

(iii) a complete application for a demonstration permit at the portion of the site or facility has been submitted to the Agency in accordance with Section 39.9 of this Act within one year after July 27, 2010 (the effective date of Public Act 96-1314);

(21) the portion of a site or facility used to perform limited testing of a gasification conversion technology in accordance with Section 39.8 of this Act and for which a complete permit application has been submitted to the Agency prior to one year from April 9, 2010 (the effective date of Public Act 96-887);

(22) the portion of a site or facility that is used to incinerate only pharmaceuticals from residential sources that are collected and transported by law enforcement agencies under Section 17.9A of this Act;

(23) the portion of a site or facility:

(A) that is used exclusively for the transfer of commingled landscape waste and food scrap held at the site or facility for no longer than 24 hours after their receipt;

(B) that is located entirely within a home rule unit having a population of either (i) not less than 100,000 and not more than 115,000 according to the 2010 federal census or (ii) not less than 5,000 and not more than 10,000 according to the 2010 federal census or that is located in the unincorporated area of a county having a population of not less than 700,000 and not more than 705,000 according to the 2010 federal census;

(C) that is permitted, by the Agency, prior to January 1, 2002, for the transfer of landscape waste if located in a home rule unit or that is permitted prior to January 1, 2008 if located in an unincorporated area of a county; and

(D) for which a permit application is submitted to the Agency to modify an existing permit for the transfer of landscape waste to also include, on a demonstration basis not to exceed 24 months each time a permit is issued, the transfer of commingled landscape waste and food scrap or for which a permit application is submitted to the Agency within 6 months after January 1, 2016; and

(24) the portion of a municipal solid waste landfill unit:

(A) that is located in a county having a population of not less than 55,000 and not more than 60,000 according to the 2010 federal census;

(B) that is owned by that county;

(C) that is permitted, by the Agency, prior to July 10, 2015 (the effective date of Public Act 99-12); and

(D) for which a permit application is submitted to the Agency within 6 months after July 10, 2015 (the effective date of Public Act 99-12) for the disposal of non-hazardous special waste; and .

(25) the portion of a site or facility that collects, separates, stores, or converts post-use polymers into crude oil, fuels, or other valuable final or intermediate products using a pyrolysis process.

(b) A new pollution control facility is:

(1) a pollution control facility initially permitted for development or construction after July 1, 1981; or

(2) the area of expansion beyond the boundary of a currently permitted pollution control facility; or

(3) a permitted pollution control facility requesting approval to store, dispose of, transfer or incinerate, for the first time, any special or hazardous waste.

(Source: P.A. 98-146, eff. 1-1-14; 98-239, eff. 8-9-13; 98-756, eff. 7-16-14; 98-1130, eff. 1-1-15; 99-12, eff. 7-10-15; 99-440, eff. 8-21-15; 99-642, eff. 7-28-16.)

(415 ILCS 5/3.336 new)

Sec. 3.336. Post-use polymers. "Post-use polymers" means polymers that derive from household, community or commercial activities, polymers that are recycled in commercial markets, or other polymers that might otherwise become a waste, where such polymers are processed through pyrolysis to manufacture crude oil, fuels, or other valuable final or intermediate products.

(415 ILCS 5/3.366 new)

Sec. 3.366. Pyrolysis. "Pyrolysis" means a process through which post-use polymers are heated in the absence of oxygen until melted and they become vapors, and are then cooled, condensed, and converted into crude oil or refined into fuels; feedstocks, such as diesel and naphtha; blendstocks; chemicals; waxes; lubricants; or other raw materials.

(415 ILCS 5/3.535) (was 415 ILCS 5/3.53)

Sec. 3.535. Waste. "Waste" means any garbage, sludge from a waste treatment plant, water supply treatment plant, or air pollution control facility or other discarded material, including solid, liquid, semi-solid, or contained gaseous material resulting from industrial, commercial, mining and agricultural operations, and from community activities, but does not include solid or dissolved material in domestic sewage, or solid or dissolved materials in irrigation return flows, or coal combustion by-products as defined in Section 3.135, or post-use polymers processed through pyrolysis, or industrial discharges which are point sources subject to permits under Section 402 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as now or hereafter amended, or source, special nuclear, or by-product materials as defined by the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended (68 Stat. 921) or any solid or dissolved material from any facility subject to the Federal Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (P.L. 95-87) or the rules and regulations thereunder or any law or rule or regulation adopted by the State of Illinois pursuant thereto.

(Source: P.A. 92-574, eff. 6-26-02.)

(415 ILCS 5/9.4) (from Ch. 111 1/2, par. 1009.4)

Sec. 9.4. Municipal waste incineration emission standards.

(a) The General Assembly finds:

(1) That air pollution from municipal waste incineration may constitute a threat to public health, welfare and the environment. The amounts and kinds of pollutants depend on the nature of the waste stream, operating conditions of the incinerator, and the effectiveness of emission controls. Under normal operating conditions, municipal waste incinerators produce pollutants such as organic compounds, metallic compounds and acid gases which may be a threat to public health, welfare and the environment.

(2) That a combustion and flue-gas control system, which is properly designed, operated and maintained, can substantially reduce the emissions of organic materials, metallic compounds and acid gases from municipal waste incineration.

(b) It is the purpose of this Section to insure that emissions from new municipal waste incineration facilities which burn a total of 25 tons or more of municipal waste per day are adequately controlled.

Such facilities shall be subject to emissions limits and operating standards based upon the application of Best Available Control Technology, as determined by the Agency, for emissions of the following categories of pollutants:

(1) particulate matter, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides;

(2) acid gases;

(3) heavy metals; and

(4) organic materials.

(c) The Agency shall issue permits, pursuant to Section 39, to new municipal waste incineration facilities only if the Agency finds that such facilities are designed, constructed and operated so as to comply with the requirements prescribed by this Section.

Prior to adoption of Board regulations under subsection (d) of this Section the Agency may issue permits for the construction of new municipal waste incineration facilities. The Agency determination of Best Available Control Technology shall be based upon consideration of the specific pollutants named in subsection (d), and emissions of particulate matter, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.

Nothing in this Section shall limit the applicability of any other Sections of this Act, or of other standards or regulations adopted by the Board, to municipal waste incineration facilities. In issuing such permits, the Agency may prescribe those conditions necessary to assure continuing compliance with the emission limits and operating standards determined pursuant to subsection (b); such conditions may include the monitoring and reporting of emissions.

(d) Within one year after July 1, 1986, the Board shall adopt regulations pursuant to Title VII of this Act, which define the terms in items (2), (3) and (4) of subsection (b) of this Section which are to be used by the Agency in making its determination pursuant to this Section. The provisions of Section 27(b) of this Act shall not apply to this rulemaking.

Such regulations shall be written so that the categories of pollutants include, but need not be limited to, the following specific pollutants:

(1) hydrogen chloride in the definition of acid gases;

(2) arsenic, cadmium, mercury, chromium, nickel and lead in the definition of heavy metals; and

(3) polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in the definition of organic materials.

(e) For the purposes of this Section, the term "Best Available Control Technology" means an emission limitation (including a visible emission standard) based on the maximum degree of pollutant reduction which the Agency, on a case-by-case basis, taking into account energy, environmental and economic impacts, determines is achievable through the application of production processes or available methods, systems and techniques, including fuel cleaning or treatment or innovative fuel combustion techniques. If the Agency determines that technological or economic limitations on the application of measurement methodology to a particular class of sources would make the imposition of an emission standard not feasible, it may instead prescribe a design, equipment, work practice or operational standard, or combination thereof, to require the application of best available control technology. Such standard shall, to the degree possible, set forth the emission reduction achievable by implementation of such design, equipment, work practice or operation and shall provide for compliance by means which achieve equivalent results.

(f) "Municipal waste incineration" means the burning of municipal waste or fuel derived therefrom in a combustion apparatus designed to burn municipal waste that may produce electricity or steam as a by-product. A "new municipal waste incinerator" is an incinerator initially permitted for development or construction after January 1, 1986. For purposes of this Section, municipal waste and fuel derived from municipal waste does not include: (1) post-use polymers that are converted into crude oil or refined into fuels or feedstocks using the pyrolysis process; and (2) non-hazardous secondary material that is excluded from solid waste when used legitimately as a fuel or ingredient in a combustion unit in accordance with the standards and criteria set forth in 40 CFR Part 241. The determination of whether a material is a solid waste pursuant to the standards and criteria in 40 CFR Part 241 shall be obtained from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) in accordance with the procedures for USEPA determinations at 40 CFR Part 241 or from the Pollution Control Board. For purposes of this Section, the determinations shall apply only to non-hazardous secondary materials pursuant to 40 CFR Part 241 that are also municipal waste under this Act. The following shall apply to waste determinations made by the Board under this subsection (f):

(1) The Board shall make the waste determinations in accordance with the standards and criteria for discarded non-hazardous secondary materials as provided at 40 CFR Part 241.

(2) To make its determinations, the Board shall use the adjusted standard procedures used for hazardous and non-hazardous solid waste determinations but may adopt substantially similar procedures tailored for waste determinations as an alternative to using the adjusted standard procedures.

(3) The Board's waste determinations shall apply to a specific fuel or ingredient from a specific processor. Waste determinations may be tailored to the use of the fuel or ingredient at a single unit or facility or may apply to the use of the fuel or ingredient at multiple units or facilities. The waste determinations may be subject to conditions.

(g) The provisions of this Section shall not apply to industrial incineration facilities that burn waste generated at the same site.

(Source: P.A. 91-357, eff. 7-29-99; 92-574, eff. 6-26-02.)

(415 ILCS 5/22.16b) (from Ch. 111 1/2, par. 1022.16b)

Sec. 22.16b. (a) Beginning January 1, 1991, the Agency shall assess and collect a fee from the owner or operator of each new municipal waste incinerator. The fee shall be calculated by applying the rates established from time to time for the disposal of solid waste at sanitary landfills under subdivision (b)(1) of Section 22.15 to the total amount of municipal waste accepted for incineration at the new municipal waste incinerator. The exemptions provided by this Act to the fees imposed under subsection (b) of Section 22.15 shall not apply to the fee imposed by this Section.

The owner or operator of any new municipal waste incinerator permitted after January 1, 1990, but before July 1, 1990 by the Agency for the development or operation of a new municipal waste incinerator shall be exempt from this fee, but shall include the following conditions:

(1) The owner or operator shall provide information programs to those communities serviced by the owner or operator concerning recycling and separation of waste not suitable for incineration.

(2) The owner or operator shall provide information programs to those communities serviced by the owner or operator concerning the Agency's household hazardous waste collection program and participation in that program.

For the purposes of this Section, "new municipal waste incinerator" means a municipal waste incinerator initially permitted for development or construction on or after January 1, 1990. A municipal waste incinerator is the same as a municipal waste incineration facility under Section 9.4 of this Act.

Amounts collected under this subsection shall be deposited into the Municipal Waste Incinerator Tax Fund, which is hereby established as an interest-bearing special fund in the State Treasury. Monies in the Fund may be used, subject to appropriation:

(1) by the Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity to fund its public information programs on recycling in those communities served by new municipal waste incinerators; and

(2) by the Agency to fund its household hazardous waste collection activities in those communities served by new municipal waste incinerators.

(b) Any permit issued by the Agency for the development or operation of a new municipal waste incinerator shall include the following conditions:

(1) The incinerator must be designed to provide continuous monitoring while in operation, with direct transmission of the resultant data to the Agency, until the Agency determines the best available control technology for monitoring the data. The Agency shall establish the test methods, procedures and averaging periods, as certified by the USEPA for solid waste incinerator units, and the form and frequency of reports containing results of the monitoring. Compliance and enforcement shall be based on such reports. Copies of the results of such monitoring shall be maintained on file at the facility concerned for one year, and copies shall be made available for inspection and copying by interested members of the public during business hours.

(2) The facility shall comply with the emission limits adopted by the Agency under subsection (c).

(3) The operator of the facility shall take reasonable measures to ensure that waste accepted for incineration complies with all legal requirements for incineration. The incinerator operator shall establish contractual requirements or other notification and inspection procedures sufficient to assure compliance with this subsection (b)(3) which may include, but not be limited to, routine inspections of waste, lists of acceptable and unacceptable waste provided to haulers and notification to the Agency when the facility operator rejects and sends loads away. The notification shall contain at least the name of the hauler and the site from where the load was hauled.

(4) The operator may not accept for incineration any waste generated or collected in a municipality that has not implemented a recycling plan or is party to an implemented county plan, consistent with State goals and objectives. Such plans shall include provisions for collecting, recycling or diverting from landfills and municipal incinerators landscape waste, household hazardous waste and batteries. Such provisions may be performed at the site of the new municipal incinerator.

The Agency, after careful scrutiny of a permit application for the construction, development or operation of a new municipal waste incinerator, shall deny the permit if (i) the Agency finds in the permit application noncompliance with the laws and rules of the State or (ii) the application indicates that the mandated air emissions standards will not be reached within six months of the proposed municipal waste incinerator beginning operation.

(c) The Agency shall adopt specific limitations on the emission of mercury, chromium, cadmium and lead, and good combustion practices, including temperature controls from municipal waste incinerators pursuant to Section 9.4 of the Act.

(d) The Agency shall establish household hazardous waste collection centers in appropriate places in this State. The Agency may operate and maintain the centers itself or may contract with other parties for that purpose. The Agency shall ensure that the wastes collected are properly disposed of. The collection centers may charge fees for their services, not to exceed the costs incurred. Such collection centers shall not (i) be regulated as hazardous waste facilities under RCRA nor (ii) be subject to local siting approval under Section 39.2 if the local governing authority agrees to waive local siting approval procedures.

(Source: P.A. 94-793, eff. 5-19-06.)

(415 ILCS 5/47.5 new)

Sec. 47.5. Home rule units. A home rule unit may not regulate a portion of a site or facility under paragraph (25) of subsection (a) of Section 3.330 as a pollution control facility in a manner that is inconsistent with Section 3.330. This Section is a limitation under subsection (i) of Section 6 of Article VII of the Illinois Constitution on the concurrent exercise by home rule units of powers and functions exercised by the State.

Section 99. Effective date. This Act takes effect upon becoming law.