SUBTITLE G: WASTE DISPOSAL
CHAPTER I: POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD
SUBCHAPTER c: HAZARDOUS WASTE OPERATING REQUIREMENTS
PART 720 HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: GENERAL
SECTION 720.110 DEFINITIONS
Section 720.110 Definitions
When used in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 720 through 728, 733, 738, and 739 only, the following terms have the meanings given below:
"Aboveground tank" means a device meeting the definition of tank that is situated so that the entire surface area of the tank is completely above the plane of the adjacent surrounding surface and the entire surface area of the tank (including the tank bottom) can be visually inspected.
"Active life" of a facility means the period from the initial receipt of hazardous waste at the facility until the Agency receives certification of final closure.
"Active portion" means that portion of a facility where treatment, storage, or disposal operations are being or have been conducted after May 19, 1980, and that is not a closed portion. (See also "closed portion".)
"Acute hazardous waste" means hazardous waste that meets the listing criteria in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721.111(a)(2) and therefore is either listed in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721.131 with the assigned hazard code of (H) or is listed in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721.133(e).
BOARD NOTE: These are USEPA hazardous waste numbers F020, F021, F022, F023, F026, and F027, and all USEPA hazardous waste numbers having the prefix "P".
"Administrator" means the Administrator of the United States Environmental Protection Agency or the Administrator's designee.
"Aerosol can" means a non-refillable receptacle containing a gas compressed, liquefied, or dissolved under pressure, the sole purpose of which is to expel a liquid, paste, or powder, and fitted with a self-closing release device allowing the gas to eject the contents.
"Agency" means the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency.
"Airbag waste" means any hazardous waste airbag modules or hazardous waste airbag inflators.
"Airbag waste collection facility" means any facility that receives airbag waste from airbag handlers subject to regulation under 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721.104(j) and that accumulates the waste for more than ten days.
"Airbag waste handler" means any person, by site, that generates airbag waste that is subject to regulation under 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721.104(j).
"Ancillary equipment" means any devices, like piping, fittings, flanges, valves, and pumps, that are used to distribute, meter, or control the flow of hazardous waste from its point of generation to storage or treatment tanks, between hazardous waste storage and treatment tanks to a point of disposal onsite, or to a point of shipment for disposal off-site.
"Aquifer" means a geologic formation, group of formations, or part of a formation capable of yielding a significant amount of groundwater to wells or springs.
"Authorized representative" means the person overall responsible for operating a facility or an operational unit (i.e., part of a facility), e.g., the plant manager, superintendent, or person of equivalent responsibility.
"Battery" means a device that consists of one or more electrically connected electrochemical cells that is designed to receive, store, and deliver electric energy. An electrochemical cell is a system consisting of an anode, cathode, and an electrolyte, plus those connections (electrical and mechanical) that are needed to allow the cell to deliver or receive electrical energy. The term battery also includes an intact, unbroken battery from which the electrolyte has been removed.
"Board" means the Illinois Pollution Control Board.
"Boiler" means an enclosed device using controlled flame combustion and having the following characteristics:
Boiler by physical characteristics:
The unit must have physical provisions for recovering and exporting thermal energy in the form of steam, heated fluids, or heated gases; and the unit's combustion chamber and primary energy recovery sections must be of integral design. To be of integral design, the combustion chamber and the primary energy recovery sections (like waterwalls and superheaters) must be physically formed into one manufactured or assembled unit. A unit in which the combustion chamber and the primary energy recovery sections are joined only by ducts or connections carrying flue gas is not integrally designed; however, secondary energy recovery equipment (like economizers or air preheaters) need not be physically formed into the same unit as the combustion chamber and the primary energy recovery section. The following units are not precluded from being boilers solely because they are not of integral design: process heaters (units that transfer energy directly to a process stream) and fluidized bed combustion units; and
While in operation, the unit must maintain a thermal energy recovery efficiency of at least 60 percent, calculated in terms of the recovered energy compared with the thermal value of the fuel; and
The unit must export and utilize at least 75 percent of the recovered energy, calculated on an annual basis. In this calculation, no credit may be given for recovered heat used internally in the same unit. (Examples of internal use are the preheating of fuel or combustion air, and the driving of induced or forced draft fans or feedwater pumps.); or
Boiler by designation. The unit is one that the Board has determined, on a case-by-case basis, to be a boiler, after considering the standards in Section 720.132.
"Carbon dioxide stream" means carbon dioxide that has been captured from an emission source (e.g., a power plant), plus incidental associated substances derived from the source materials and the capture process, and any substances added to the stream to enable or improve the injection process.
"Carbon regeneration unit" means any enclosed thermal treatment device used to regenerate spent activated carbon.
"Cathode ray tube" or "CRT" means a vacuum tube, composed primarily of glass, which is the visual or video display component of an electronic device. A "used, intact CRT" means a CRT whose vacuum has not been released. A "used, broken CRT" means glass removed from its housing or casing whose vacuum has been released.
"Central accumulation area" means any on-site area where hazardous waste is accumulating in units subject to either 35 Ill. Adm. Code 722.116 (for an SQG) or 35 Ill. Adm. Code 722.117 (for an LQG). A central accumulation area at an eligible academic entity that chooses to operate under Subpart K of 35 Ill. Adm. Code 722 is also subject to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 722.311 when accumulating unwanted material or hazardous waste.
"Certification" means a statement of professional opinion based upon knowledge and belief.
"Closed portion" means that portion of a facility that an owner or operator has closed in compliance with the approved facility closure plan and all applicable closure requirements. (See also "active portion".)
"Component" means either the tank or ancillary equipment of a tank system.
"Confined aquifer" means an aquifer bounded above and below by impermeable beds or by beds of distinctly lower permeability than that of the aquifer itself; an aquifer containing confined groundwater.
"Contained" means held in a unit (including a land-based unit, as defined in this Section) that meets either of the following containment situations:
Containment situation 1 (non-hazardous waste containment):
The unit is in good condition, with no leaks or other continuing or intermittent unpermitted releases of the hazardous secondary materials to the environment, and is designed, as appropriate for the hazardous secondary materials, to prevent unpermitted releases of hazardous secondary materials to the environment.
"Unpermitted releases" are releases that are not covered by a permit (e.g., a permit to discharge to water or air) and may include releases through surface transport by precipitation run-off, releases to soil and groundwater, windblown dust, fugitive air emissions, and catastrophic unit failures;
The unit is properly labeled or otherwise has a system (like a log) to immediately identify the hazardous secondary materials in the unit; and
The unit holds hazardous secondary materials that are compatible with other hazardous secondary materials placed in the unit, is compatible with the materials used to construct the unit and addresses any potential risks of fires or explosions.
Containment situation 2 (hazardous waste containment):
Hazardous secondary materials in units that meet the applicable requirements of 35 Ill. Adm. Code 724 or 725 are presumptively contained.
"Container" means any portable device in which a material is stored, transported, treated, disposed of, or otherwise handled.
"Containment building" means a hazardous waste management unit that is used to store or treat hazardous waste under the provisions of Subpart DD of 35 Ill. Adm. Code 724 and Subpart DD of 35 Ill. Adm. Code 725.
"Contingency plan" means a document setting out an organized, planned and coordinated course of action to be followed in case of a fire, explosion, or release of hazardous waste or hazardous waste constituents that could threaten human health or the environment.
"Corrosion expert" means a person who, by reason of knowledge of the physical sciences and the principles of engineering and mathematics, acquired by a professional education and related practical experience, is qualified to engage in the practice of corrosion control on buried or submerged metal piping systems and metal tanks. The person must be certified as being qualified by the National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE) or be a registered professional engineer who has certification or licensing that includes education and experience in corrosion control on buried or submerged metal piping systems and metal tanks.
"CRT collector" means a person that receives used, intact CRTs for recycling, repair, resale, or donation.
"CRT exporter" means any person in the United States that initiates a transaction to send used CRTs outside the United States or its territories for recycling or reuse, or any intermediary in the United States arranging for the export.
"CRT glass manufacturer" means an operation or part of an operation that uses a furnace to manufacture CRT glass.
"CRT processing" means conducting the following activities:
Receiving broken or intact CRTs;
Intentionally breaking intact CRTs or further breaking or separating broken CRTs; and
Sorting or otherwise managing glass removed from CRT monitors.
"Designated facility" means either of the following entities:
A hazardous waste treatment, storage, or disposal facility that has been designated on the manifest by the generator, under 35 Ill. Adm. Code 722.120, of which any of the following is true:
The facility has received a RCRA permit (or interim status) under 35 Ill. Adm. Code 702, 703, and 705;
The facility has received a RCRA permit from USEPA under 40 CFR 124 and 270;
The facility has received a RCRA permit from a state authorized by USEPA under 40 CFR 271; or
The facility is regulated under 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721.106(c)(2) or Subpart F of 35 Ill. Adm. Code 726; or
A generator site designated by the hazardous waste generator on the manifest to receive back its own waste as a return shipment from a designated hazardous waste treatment, storage, or disposal facility that has rejected the waste according to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 724.172(f) or 725.172(f).
If a waste is destined to a facility in a state other than Illinois that has been authorized by USEPA under 40 CFR 271, but that has not yet obtained authorization to regulate that waste as hazardous, then the designated facility must be a facility allowed by the receiving state to accept the waste.
"Destination facility" means a facility that treats, disposes of, or recycles a particular category of universal waste, except those management activities described in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 733.113(a) and (c) and 733.133(a) and (c). A facility at which a particular category of universal waste is only accumulated is not a destination facility for managing that category of universal waste.
"Dike" means an embankment or ridge of either natural or manmade materials used to prevent the movement of liquids, sludges, solids, or other materials.
"Dioxins and furans" means tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta-, and octa-chlorinated dibenzodioxins and furans.
"Director" means the Director of the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency.
"Discharge" or "hazardous waste discharge" means the accidental or intentional spilling, leaking, pumping, pouring, emitting, emptying, or dumping of hazardous waste into or on any land or water.
"Disposal" means the discharge, deposit, injection, dumping, spilling, leaking, or placing of any solid waste or hazardous waste into or on any land or water so that the solid waste or hazardous waste or any of its constituent may enter the environment or be emitted into the air or discharged into any waters, including groundwaters.
"Disposal facility" means a facility or part of a facility at which hazardous waste is intentionally placed into or on any land or water and at which waste will remain after closure. The term disposal facility does not include a corrective action management unit (CAMU) into which remediation wastes are placed.
"Drip pad" means an engineered structure consisting of a curbed, free-draining base, constructed of non-earthen materials and designed to convey preservative kick-back or drippage from treated wood, precipitation and surface water run-on to an associated collection system at wood preserving plants.
"Electronic import-export reporting compliance date" means the date that USEPA will announce in the Federal Register, on or after which exporters, importers, and receiving facilities will be required to submit certain export and import related documents to USEPA using USEPA's Waste Import Export Tracking System, or its successor system.
BOARD NOTE: A compliance date in Illinois regulations is limited to a date certain on or after the Board has adopted the date by rulemaking. Adoption by rulemaking of the electronic import-export reporting compliance date can occur only after USEPA has made its announcement in the Federal Register. Until the Board has incorporated a date certain by rulemaking, the Board intends that no "electronic import-export reporting compliance date" will apply in the context of the Illinois rules. The federal electronic import-export reporting compliance date named by USEPA, however, may apply as provided by federal law.
"Electronic manifest" or "e-Manifest" means the electronic format of the hazardous waste manifest that is obtained from USEPA's national e-Manifest System and transmitted electronically to the e-Manifest System, and that is the legal equivalent of USEPA Forms 8700-22 (Manifest) and 8700-22A (Continuation Sheet).
"Electronic Manifest System" or "e-Manifest System" means USEPA's national information technology system through which the e-Manifest may be obtained, completed, transmitted, and distributed to users of the e-Manifest System and to regulatory agencies.
"Elementary neutralization unit" means a device that meets the following:
It is used for neutralizing wastes that are hazardous only because they exhibit the corrosivity characteristic defined in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721.122 or that are listed in Subpart D of 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721 only for this reason; and
It meets the definition of tank, tank system, container, transport vehicle, or vessel in this Section.
"EPA region" or "USEPA region" means the states and territories found in any one of the following ten regions:
Region I: Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island.
Region II: New York, New Jersey, Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands.
Region III: Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, West Virginia, Virginia, and the District of Columbia.
Region IV: Kentucky, Tennessee, North Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina, and Florida.
Region V: Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Michigan, Indiana, and Ohio.
Region VI: New Mexico, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.
Region VII: Nebraska, Kansas, Missouri, and Iowa.
Region VIII: Montana, Wyoming, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, and Colorado.
Region IX: California, Nevada, Arizona, Hawaii, Guam, American Samoa, and Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.
Region X: Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and Alaska.
"Equivalent method" means any testing or analytical method approved by the Board under Section 720.120.
"Existing hazardous waste management (HWM) facility" or "existing facility" means a facility that was in operation or for which construction commenced on or before November 19, 1980. A facility commenced construction if the owner or operator obtained the federal, State, and local approvals or permits necessary to begin physically constructing the facility and either of the following occurred:
A continuous on-site, physical construction program began; or
The owner or operator entered contractual obligations that could not be canceled or modified without substantial loss for physically constructing the facility to be completed within a reasonable time.
"Existing portion" means that land surface area of an existing waste management unit, included in the original RCRA Part A permit application, on which wastes have been placed prior to the issuance of a permit.
"Existing tank system" or "existing component" means a tank system or component that is used for the storage or treatment of hazardous waste and that was in operation, or for which installation was commenced, on or prior to July 14, 1986. Installation will be considered to have commenced if the owner or operator has obtained all federal, State, and local approvals or permits necessary to begin physically constructing the site or installing the tank system and if either of the following is met:
A continuous on-site physical construction or installation program has begun; or
The owner or operator entered contractual obligations that cannot be canceled or modified without substantial loss for physically constructing the site or installing the tank system to be completed within a reasonable time.
"Explosives or munitions emergency" means a situation involving the suspected or detected presence of unexploded ordnance (UXO), damaged or deteriorated explosives or munitions, an improvised explosive device (IED), other potentially explosive material or device, or other potentially harmful military chemical munitions or device, that creates an actual or potential imminent threat to human health, including safety, or the environment, including property, as determined by an explosives or munitions emergency response specialist. These situations may require immediate and expeditious action by an explosives or munitions emergency response specialist to control, mitigate, or eliminate the threat.
"Explosives or munitions emergency response" means all immediate response activities by an explosives and munitions emergency response specialist to control, mitigate, or eliminate the actual or potential threat encountered during an explosives or munitions emergency. An explosives or munitions emergency response may include in-place render-safe procedures, treatment, or destruction of the explosives or munitions or transporting those items to another location to be rendered safe, treated, or destroyed. Any reasonable delay in completing an explosives or munitions emergency response caused by a necessary, unforeseen, or uncontrollable circumstance will not terminate the explosives or munitions emergency. Explosives and munitions emergency responses can occur on either public or private lands and are not limited to responses at RCRA facilities.
"Explosives or munitions emergency response specialist" means an individual trained in chemical or conventional munitions or explosives handling, transportation, render-safe procedures, or destruction techniques. Explosives or munitions emergency response specialists include United States Department of Defense (USDOD) emergency explosive ordnance disposal (EOD), technical escort unit (TEU), and USDOD-certified civilian or contractor personnel and other federal, State, or local government or civilian personnel who are similarly trained in explosives or munitions emergency responses.
"Facility" means the following:
All contiguous land and structures, other appurtenances, and improvements on the land used for treating, storing, or disposing of hazardous waste or for managing hazardous secondary materials prior to reclamation. A facility may comprise several treatment, storage, or disposal operational units (e.g., one or more landfills, surface impoundments, or combinations of them).
For implementing corrective action under 35 Ill. Adm. Code 724.201 or 35 Ill. Adm. Code 727.201, all contiguous property under the control of the owner or operator seeking a permit under Subtitle C of RCRA. This definition also applies to facilities implementing corrective action under RCRA section 3008(h).
Despite the immediately-preceding paragraph of this definition, a remediation waste management site is not a facility that is subject to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 724.201, but a facility that is subject to corrective action requirements if the site is located within the facility.
"Federal agency" means any department, agency, or other instrumentality of the federal government, any independent agency or establishment of the federal government, including any government corporation and the Government Printing Office.
"Federal, State, and local approvals or permits necessary to begin physically constructing " means permits and approvals required under federal, State, or local hazardous waste control statutes, regulations, or ordinances.
"Final closure" means the closure of all hazardous waste management units at the facility in compliance with all applicable closure requirements so that hazardous waste management activities under 35 Ill. Adm. Code 724 and 725 are no longer conducted at the facility unless subject to the provisions of 35 Ill. Adm. Code 722.116 and 722.117.
"Food-chain crops" means tobacco, crops grown for human consumption, and crops grown for feed for animals whose products are consumed by humans.
"Freeboard" means the vertical distance between the top of a tank or surface impoundment dike and the surface of the waste contained therein.
"Free liquids" means liquids that readily separate from the solid portion of a waste under ambient temperature and pressure.
"Generator" means any person, by site, whose act or process produces hazardous waste identified or listed in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721 or whose act first causes a hazardous waste to become subject to regulation.
"Groundwater" means water below the land surface in a zone of saturation.
"Hazardous secondary material" means a secondary material (e.g., spent material, by-product, or sludge) that, when discarded, would be identified as hazardous waste under 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721.
"Hazardous secondary material generator" means any person whose act or process produces hazardous secondary materials at the generating facility. For this definition, "generating facility" means all contiguous property owned, leased, or otherwise controlled by the hazardous secondary material generator. For Sections 721.102(a)(2)(B) and 721.104(a)(23), a facility that collects hazardous secondary materials from other persons is not the hazardous secondary material generator.
"Hazardous waste" means a hazardous waste as defined in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721.103.
"Hazardous waste constituent" means a constituent that caused the hazardous waste to be listed in Subpart D of 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721, or a constituent listed in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721.124.
"Hazardous waste management unit" is a contiguous area of land on or in which hazardous waste is placed, or the largest area in which there is significant likelihood of mixing hazardous waste constituents in the same area. Examples of hazardous waste management units include a surface impoundment, a waste pile, a land treatment area, a landfill cell, an incinerator, a tank and its associated piping and underlying containment system, and a container storage area. A container alone does not constitute a unit; the unit includes containers, and the land or pad upon which they are placed.
"Incinerator" means any enclosed device that:
Uses controlled flame combustion, and the device:
Does not meet the criteria for classification as a boiler, sludge dryer, or carbon regeneration unit, nor
Is not listed as an industrial furnace; or
Meets the definition of infrared incinerator or plasma arc incinerator.
"Incompatible waste" means a hazardous waste that is unsuitable for the following:
Placement in a particular device or facility because it may cause corrosion or decay of containment materials (e.g., container inner liners or tank walls); or
Commingling with another waste or material under uncontrolled conditions because the commingling might produce heat or pressure, fire, or explosion, violent reaction, toxic dusts, mists, fumes or gases, or flammable fumes or gases.
(See Appendix E to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 724 and Appendix E to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 725 for references that list examples.)
"Individual generator site" means the contiguous site at or on which one or more hazardous wastes are generated. An individual generator site, like a large manufacturing plant, may have one or more sources of hazardous waste but is considered a single or individual generator site if the site or property is contiguous.
"Industrial furnace" means any of the following enclosed devices that are integral components of manufacturing processes and that use thermal treatment to accomplish recovery of materials or energy:
Cement kilns;
Lime kilns;
Aggregate kilns;
Phosphate kilns;
Coke ovens;
Blast furnaces;
Smelting, melting, and refining furnaces (including pyrometallurgical devices like cupolas, reverberator furnaces, sintering machines, roasters, and foundry furnaces);
Titanium dioxide chloride process oxidation reactors;
Methane reforming furnaces;
Pulping liquor recovery furnaces;
Combustion devices used in the recovery of sulfur values from spent sulfuric acid;
Halogen acid furnaces (HAFs) for producing acid from halogenated hazardous waste generated by chemical production facilities where the furnace is located on the site of a chemical production facility, the acid product has a halogen acid content of at least three percent, the acid product is used in a manufacturing process, and, except for hazardous waste burned as fuel, hazardous waste fed to the furnace has a minimum halogen content of 20 percent, as generated; and
Any other device that the Agency determines to be an industrial furnace based on one or more of the following factors:
The design and use of the device primarily to accomplish recovery of material products;
The use of the device to burn or reduce raw materials to make a material product;
The use of the device to burn or reduce secondary materials as effective substitutes for raw materials, in processes using raw materials as principal feedstocks;
The use of the device to burn or reduce secondary materials as ingredients in an industrial process to make a material product;
The use of the device in common industrial practice to produce a material product; and
Other relevant factors.
"Infrared incinerator" means any enclosed device that uses electric powered resistance heaters as a source of radiant heat followed by an afterburner using controlled flame combustion and that is not listed as an industrial furnace.
"Inground tank" means a device meeting the definition of tank with any portion of the tank wall situated within the ground, so that the ground prevents visually inspecting that external surface area of the tank.
"In operation" refers to a facility that is treating, storing, or disposing of hazardous waste.
"Injection well" means a well into which fluids are being injected. (See also "underground injection".)
"Inner liner" means a continuous layer of material placed inside a tank or container that protects the construction materials of the tank or container from the contained waste or reagents used to treat the waste.
"Installation inspector" means a person who, by reason of knowledge of the physical sciences and the principles of engineering, acquired by a professional education and related practical experience, is qualified to supervise installing tank systems.
"Intermediate facility" means any facility that stores hazardous secondary materials for more than ten days and that is neither a hazardous secondary material generator nor a reclaimer of hazardous secondary material.
"International shipment" means transporting hazardous waste into or out of the jurisdiction of the United States.
"Lamp" or "universal waste lamp" means the bulb or tube portion of an electric lighting device. A lamp is specifically designed to produce radiant energy, most often in the ultraviolet, visible, or infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Examples of common universal waste lamps include fluorescent, high intensity discharge, neon, mercury vapor, high-pressure sodium, and metal halide lamps.
"Land-based unit" means an area where hazardous secondary materials are placed in or on the land before recycling. This definition does not include land-based production units.
"Land treatment facility" means a facility or part of a facility at which hazardous waste is applied onto or incorporated into the soil surface; these facilities are disposal facilities if the waste will remain after closure.
"Landfill" means a disposal facility or part of a facility where hazardous waste is placed in or on land and that is not a pile, a land treatment facility, a surface impoundment, an underground injection well, a salt dome formation, a salt bed formation, an underground mine, a cave, or a corrective action management unit (CAMU).
"Landfill cell" means a discrete volume of a hazardous waste landfill that uses a liner to isolate wastes from adjacent cells or wastes. Examples of landfill cells are trenches and pits.
"Large quantity generator" or "LQG" means a generator that generates any of the following amounts of material in a calendar month:
Greater than or equal to 1,000 kg (2,200 lbs) of non-acute hazardous waste;
Greater than 1 kg (2.2 lbs) of acute hazardous waste listed in 35 Ill Adm. Code 721.131 or 721.133(e); or
Greater than 100 kg (220 lbs) of any residue or contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into or on any land or water, of any acute hazardous waste listed in 35 Ill Adm. Code 721.131 or 721.133(e).
"LDS" means leak detection system.
"Leachate" means any liquid, including any suspended components in the liquid, that has percolated through or drained from hazardous waste.
"Liner" means a continuous layer of natural or manmade materials beneath or on the sides of a surface impoundment, landfill, or landfill cell that restricts the downward or lateral escape of hazardous waste, hazardous waste constituents, or leachate.
"Leak-detection system" means a system capable of detecting the failure of either the primary or secondary containment structure or the presence of a release of hazardous waste or accumulated liquid in the secondary containment structure. The system must employ operational controls (e.g., daily visual inspections for releases into the secondary containment system of aboveground tanks) or comprise an interstitial monitoring device designed to detect continuously and automatically the failure of the primary or secondary containment structure or the presence of a release of hazardous waste into the secondary containment structure.
"Management" or "hazardous waste management" means the systematic control of the collection, source separation, storage, transportation, processing, treatment, recovery, and disposal of hazardous waste.
"Manifest" means the shipping document USEPA Form 8700-22 (including, if necessary, USEPA Form 8700-22A), or the e-Manifest, originated and signed in compliance with the applicable requirements of 35 Ill. Adm. Code 722 through 727.
"Manifest tracking number" means the alphanumeric identification number (i.e., a unique three letter suffix preceded by nine numerical digits) that is pre-printed in Item 4 of the manifest by a registered source.
"Mercury-containing equipment" means a device or part of a device (including thermostats but excluding batteries and lamps) that contains elemental mercury integral to its function.
"Military munitions" means all ammunition products and components produced or used by or for the United States Department of Defense or the United States Armed Services for national defense and security, including military munitions under the control of the United States Department of Defense (USDOD), the United States Coast Guard, the United States Department of Energy (USDOE), and National Guard personnel. The term military munitions includes: confined gaseous, liquid, and solid propellants, explosives, pyrotechnics, chemical and riot control agents, smokes, and incendiaries used by USDOD components, including bulk explosives and chemical warfare agents, chemical munitions, rockets, guided and ballistic missiles, bombs, warheads, mortar rounds, artillery ammunition, small arms ammunition, grenades, mines, torpedoes, depth charges, cluster munitions and dispensers, demolition charges, and devices and components of these items and devices. Military munitions do not include wholly inert items, improvised explosive devices, and nuclear weapons, nuclear devices, and nuclear components of these items and devices. However, the term does include non-nuclear components of nuclear devices, managed under USDOE's nuclear weapons program after all sanitization operations required under the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2014 et seq.), as amended, have been completed.
"Mining overburden returned to the mine site" means any material overlying an economic mineral deposit that is removed to gain access to that deposit and is then used for reclaiming a surface mine.
"Miscellaneous unit" means a hazardous waste management unit where hazardous waste is treated, stored, or disposed of and that is not a container; tank; surface impoundment; pile; land treatment unit; landfill; incinerator; boiler; industrial furnace; underground injection well with appropriate technical standards under 35 Ill. Adm. Code 730; containment building; corrective action management unit (CAMU); unit eligible for a research, development, and demonstration permit under 35 Ill. Adm. Code 703.231; or staging pile.
"Movement" means hazardous waste that is transported to a facility in an individual vehicle.
"NAICS Code" means the code number assigned a facility using the "North American Industry Classification System", incorporated by reference in Section 720.111.
"New hazardous waste management facility", "new HWM facility", or "new facility" means a facility that began operation, or for which construction commenced after November 19, 1980. (See also "Existing hazardous waste management facility".)
"New tank system" or "new tank component" means a tank system or component that will be used for the storage or treatment of hazardous waste and for which installation commenced after July 14, 1986; except for 35 Ill. Adm. Code 724.293(g)(2) and 725.293(g)(2), a new tank system is one for which construction commenced after July 14, 1986. (See also "existing tank system".)
"No free liquids", as used in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721.104(a)(26) and (b)(18), means that solvent-contaminated wipes may not contain free liquids, as determined by Method 9095B (Paint Filter Liquids Test), included in "Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods", incorporated by reference in Section 720.111, and that there is no free liquid in the container holding the wipes. No free liquids may also be determined using another standard or test method that the Agency has determined by permit condition is equivalent to Method 9095B.
"Non-acute hazardous waste" means hazardous waste that is not acute hazardous waste, as defined in this Section.
"On-ground tank" means a device meeting the definition of tank whose bottom is situated on the same level as the adjacent surrounding surfaces so that visually inspecting the external tank bottom is not possible.
"On-site" means the same or geographically contiguous property that may be divided by public or private right-of-way, provided the entrance and exit between the properties is at a crossroads intersection and access is by crossing as opposed to going along the right-of-way. Non-contiguous properties owned by the same person but connected by a right-of-way that the owner controls and to which the public does not have access is also considered on-site property.
"Open burning" means combusting any material without the following characteristics:
Controlling combustion air to maintain adequate temperature for efficient combustion;
Containing the combustion reaction in an enclosed device to provide sufficient residence time and mixing for complete combustion; and
Controlling emission of the gaseous combustion products.
(See also "incineration" and "thermal treatment".)
"Operator" means the person responsible for the overall operating of a facility.
"Owner" means the person that owns a facility or part of a facility.
"Partial closure" means the closure of a hazardous waste management unit in compliance with the applicable closure requirements of 35 Ill. Adm. Code 724 or 725 at a facility that contains other active hazardous waste management units. For example, partial closure may include the closure of a tank (including its associated piping and underlying containment systems), landfill cell, surface impoundment, waste pile, or other hazardous waste management unit, while other units of the same facility continue to operate.
"Person" means an individual, trust, firm, joint stock company, federal agency, corporation (including a government corporation), partnership, association, state, municipality, commission, political subdivision of a state, or any interstate body.
"Personnel" or "facility personnel" means all persons who work at or oversee the operations of a hazardous waste facility and whose actions or failure to act may result in not complying with 35 Ill. Adm. Code 724 or 725.
"Pesticide" means any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating any pest or intended for use as a plant regulator, defoliant, or desiccant, other than any article that meets one of the following descriptions:
It is a new animal drug under section 201(v) of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA; 21 U.S.C.U.S.C. 321(v)), incorporated by reference in Section 720.111(c);
It is an animal drug that has been determined by regulation of the federal Secretary of Health and Human Services under FFDCA section 512 (21 U.S.C. 360b), incorporated by reference in Section 720.111(c), to be an exempted new animal drug; or
It is an animal feed under FFDCA section 201(w) (21 U.S.C. 321(w)), incorporated by reference in Section 720.111(c), that bears or contains any substances described in either of the two preceding paragraphs of this definition.
BOARD NOTE: The second exception of corresponding 40 CFR 260.10 reads as follows: "Is an animal drug that has been determined by regulation of the Secretary of Health and Human Services not to be a new animal drug". This is very similar to the language of section 2(u) of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA; 7 U.S.C. 136(u)). The three exceptions, taken together, appear intended not to include as pesticide any material within the scope of federal Food and Drug Administration regulation. The Board codified this provision with the intent of retaining the same meaning as its federal counterpart while adding the definiteness required under Illinois law.
"Physical construction" or "physically constructing" (RCRA) means excavating, moving earth, erecting forms or structures, or similar activity to prepare an HWM facility for accepting hazardous waste.
"Pile" means any non-containerized accumulation of solid, non-flowing hazardous waste that is used for treatment or storage, and that is not a containment building.
"Plasma arc incinerator" means any enclosed device that uses a high intensity electrical discharge or arc as a source of heat followed by an afterburner using controlled flame combustion and that is not listed as an industrial furnace.
"Point source" means any discernible, confined, and discrete conveyance, including any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit, well, discrete fissure, container, rolling stock, concentrated animal feeding operation, or vessel or other floating craft from which pollutants are or may be discharged. This term does not include return flows from irrigated agriculture.
"Publicly owned treatment works" or "POTW" is as defined in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 310.110.
"Qualified groundwater scientist" means a scientist or engineer who has received a baccalaureate or postgraduate degree in the natural sciences or engineering and has sufficient training and experience in groundwater hydrology and related fields, as demonstrated by state registration, professional certification, or completing accredited university courses that enable the individual to make sound professional judgments regarding groundwater monitoring and contaminant rate and transport.
BOARD NOTE: State registration includes registration as a professional engineer with the Department of Professional Regulation under 225 ILCS 325 and 68 Ill. Adm. Code 1380. Professional certification includes certification under the certified groundwater professional program of the National Ground Water Association.
"RCRA" means the Solid Waste Disposal Act, as amended by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976, as amended (42 U.S.C. 6901 et seq.).
"RCRA standardized permit" means a RCRA permit issued under Subpart J of 35 Ill. Adm. Code 703 and Subpart G of 35 Ill. Adm. Code 702 that authorizes management of hazardous waste. The RCRA standardized permit may have two parts: a uniform portion issued in all cases and a supplemental portion issued at the discretion of the Agency.
"Recognized trader" means a person domiciled in the United States, by site of business, who acts to arrange and facilitate transboundary movements of wastes destined for recovery or disposal operations, either by purchasing from and subsequently selling to United States and foreign facilities, or by acting under arrangements with a United States waste facility to arrange for the export or import of the wastes.
"Regional Administrator" means the Regional Administrator for the USEPA region in which the facility is located or the Regional Administrator's designee.
"Remanufacturing" means processing a higher-value hazardous secondary material to manufacture a product that serves a similar functional purpose as the original commercial-grade material. For this definition, a hazardous secondary material is considered higher-value if it was generated from the use of a commercial-grade material in a manufacturing process and can be remanufactured into a similar commercial-grade material.
"Remediation waste" means all solid and hazardous wastes, and all media (including groundwater, surface water, soils, and sediments) and debris that are managed for implementing cleanup.
"Remediation waste management site" means a facility where an owner or operator is or will be treating, storing, or disposing of hazardous remediation wastes. A remediation waste management site is not a facility that is subject to corrective action under 35 Ill. Adm. Code 724.201, but a remediation waste management site is subject to corrective action requirements if the site is in a facility that is subject to corrective action under 35 Ill. Adm. Code 724.201.
"Replacement unit" means a landfill, surface impoundment, or waste pile unit from which substantially all waste is removed, and that is subsequently reused to treat, store, or dispose of hazardous waste. Replacement unit does not include a unit from which waste is removed during closure, if the subsequent reuse solely involves the disposal of waste from that unit and other closing units or corrective action areas at the facility, in compliance with a closure or corrective action plan approved by USEPA or the Agency.
"Representative sample" means a sample of a universe or whole (e.g., waste pile, lagoon, groundwater) that can be expected to exhibit the average properties of the universe or whole.
"Run-off" means any rainwater, leachate, or other liquid that drains over land from any part of a facility.
"Run-on" means any rainwater, leachate, or other liquid that drains over land onto any part of a facility.
"Saturated zone" or "zone of saturation" means that part of the earth's crust in which all voids are filled with water.
"SIC code" means "Standard Industrial Classification code", as assigned to a site by the United States Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, based on the particular activities that occur on the site, as provided in "Standard Industrial Classification Manual", incorporated by reference in Section 720.111(a).
"Sludge" means any solid, semi-solid, or liquid waste generated from a municipal, commercial, or industrial wastewater treatment plant, water supply treatment plant, or air pollution control facility, exclusive of the treated effluent from a wastewater treatment plant.
"Sludge dryer" means any enclosed thermal treatment device that is used to dehydrate sludge and that has a total thermal input, excluding the heating value of the sludge itself, of 2,500 Btu/lb or less of sludge treated on a wet-weight basis.
"Small quantity generator" or "SQG" means a generator that generates the following amounts of material in a calendar month:
Greater than 100 kg (220 lbs) but less than 1,000 kilograms (2,200 lbs) of non-acute hazardous waste;
Less than or equal to 1 kg (2.2 lbs) of acute hazardous waste listed in 35 Ill Adm. Code 721.131 or 721.133(e); and
Less than or equal to 100 kg (220 lbs) of any residue or contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into or on any land or water, of any acute hazardous waste listed in 35 Ill Adm. Code 721.131 or 721.133(e).
"Solid waste" means a solid waste as defined in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721.102.
"Solvent-contaminated wipe" means the following:
A wipe that, after use or after cleaning up a spill, meets one or more of the following conditions:
The wipe contains one or more of the F001 through F005 solvents listed in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721.131 or the corresponding P‑ or U-listed solvents found in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721.133;
The wipe exhibits a hazardous characteristic found in Subpart C of 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721 when that characteristic results from a solvent listed in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721; or
The wipe exhibits only the hazardous waste characteristic of ignitability found in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721.121 due to the presence of one or more solvents that are not listed in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721.
Solvent-contaminated wipes that contain listed hazardous waste other than solvents, or exhibit the characteristic of toxicity, corrosivity, or reactivity due to contaminants other than solvents, are not eligible for the exclusions at 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721.104(a)(26) and (b)(18).
"Sorbent" means a material that is used to soak up free liquids by either adsorption or absorption, or both. "Sorb" means to either adsorb or absorb, or both.
"Staging pile" means an accumulation of solid, non-flowing "remediation waste" (as defined in this Section) that is not a containment building and that is used only during remedial operations for temporary storage at a facility. Staging piles must be designated by the Agency according to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 724.654.
"State" means any of the several states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.
"Storage" means the holding of hazardous waste for a temporary period, at the end of which the hazardous waste is treated, disposed of, or stored elsewhere.
"Sump" means any pit or reservoir that meets the definition of tank and those troughs or trenches connected to it that serve to collect hazardous waste for transport to hazardous waste storage, treatment, or disposal facilities; except that, as used in the landfill, surface impoundment, and waste pile rules, sump means any lined pit or reservoir that serves to collect liquids drained from a leachate collection and removal system or leak detection system for subsequent removal from the system.
"Surface impoundment" or "impoundment" means a facility or part of a facility that is a natural topographic depression, manmade excavation, or diked area formed primarily of earthen materials (although it may be lined with manmade materials) that is designed to hold an accumulation of liquid wastes or wastes containing free liquids and that is not an injection well. Examples of surface impoundments are holding, storage, settling and aeration pits, ponds, and lagoons.
"Tank" means a stationary device, designed to contain an accumulation of hazardous waste that is constructed primarily of non-earthen materials (e.g., wood, concrete, steel, plastic) that provide structural support.
"Tank system" means a hazardous waste storage or treatment tank and its associated ancillary equipment and containment system.
"TEQ" means toxicity equivalence, the international method of relating the toxicity of various dioxin and furan congeners to the toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.
"Thermal treatment" means the treatment of hazardous waste in a device that uses elevated temperatures as the primary means to change the chemical, physical, or biological character or composition of the hazardous waste. Examples of thermal treatment processes are incineration, molten salt, pyrolysis, calcination, wet air oxidation, and microwave discharge. (See also "incinerator" and "open burning".)
"Thermostat" means a temperature control device that contains metallic mercury in an ampule attached to a bimetal sensing element and mercury-containing ampules that have been removed from the temperature control device complying with 35 Ill. Adm. Code 733.113(c)(2) or 733.133(c)(2).
"Totally enclosed treatment facility" means a facility for the treatment of hazardous waste that is directly connected to an industrial production process and that is constructed and operated in a manner that prevents the release of any hazardous waste or any constituent thereof into the environment during treatment. An example is a pipe in which waste acid is neutralized.
"Transfer facility" means any transportation-related facility, including loading docks, parking areas, storage areas, and other similar areas where shipments of hazardous waste or hazardous secondary materials are held during the normal course of transportation.
"Transport vehicle" means a motor vehicle or rail car used for transporting cargo by any mode. Each cargo-carrying body (trailer, railroad freight car, etc.) is a separate transport vehicle.
"Transportation" means the movement of hazardous waste by air, rail, highway, or water.
"Transporter" means a person engaged in transporting hazardous waste off-site by air, rail, highway, or water.
"Treatability study" means the following:
A study in which a hazardous waste is subjected to a treatment process to determine the following:
Whether the waste is amenable to the treatment process;
What pretreatment (if any) is required;
The optimal process conditions needed to achieve the desired treatment;
The efficiency of a treatment process for a specific waste or wastes; and
The characteristics and volumes of residuals from a particular treatment process;
Also included in this definition for 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721.104(e) and (f) exemptions are liner compatibility, corrosion and other material compatibility studies, and toxicological and health effects studies. A treatability study is not a means to commercially treat or dispose of hazardous waste.
"Treatment" means any method, technique, or process, including neutralization, designed to change the physical, chemical, or biological character or composition of any hazardous waste to neutralize the waste, recover energy or material resources from the waste, or render the waste non-hazardous or less hazardous; safer to transport, store, or dispose of; or amenable for recovery, amenable for storage, or reduced in volume.
"Treatment zone" means a soil area of the unsaturated zone of a land treatment unit within which hazardous constituents are degraded, transformed, or immobilized.
"Underground injection" means the subsurface emplacement of fluids through a bored, drilled, or driven well or through a dug well, if the depth of the dug well is greater than the largest surface dimension. (See also "injection well".)
"Underground tank" means a device meeting the definition of tank whose entire surface area is totally below the surface of and covered by the ground.
"Unfit-for-use tank system" means a tank system that has been determined, through an integrity assessment or other inspection, to be no longer capable of storing or treating hazardous waste without posing a threat of release of hazardous waste to the environment.
"United States" means the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.
"Universal waste" means any of the following hazardous wastes that are managed under the universal waste requirements of 35 Ill. Adm. Code 733:
Batteries, as described in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 733.102;
Pesticides, as described in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 733.103;
Mercury-containing equipment, as described in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 733.104;
Lamps, as described in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 733.105; and
Aerosol cans, as described in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 733.106.
"Universal waste handler" means either of the following:
A generator (as defined in this Section) of universal waste; or
The owner or operator of a facility, including all contiguous property, that receives universal waste from other universal waste handlers, accumulates the universal waste, and sends that universal waste to another universal waste handler, to a destination facility, or to a foreign destination.
"Universal waste handler" does not mean either of the following:
A person that treats (except under the provisions of Section 733.113(a) or (c) or 733.133(a) or (c)), disposes of, or recycles (except under 35 Ill. Adm. Code 733.113(e) or 733.133(e)) universal waste; or
A person engaged in transporting universal waste off-site by air, rail, highway, or water, including a universal waste transfer facility.
"Universal waste transporter" means a person engaged in transporting universal waste off-site by air, rail, highway, or water.
"Unsaturated zone" or "zone of aeration" means the zone between the land surface and the water table.
"Uppermost aquifer" means the geologic formation nearest the natural ground surface that is an aquifer, as well as lower aquifers that are hydraulically interconnected with this aquifer within the facility's property boundary.
"USDOT" or "Department of Transportation" means the United States Department of Transportation.
"Used oil" means any oil that has been refined from crude oil, or any synthetic oil, that has been used and because of this use is contaminated by physical or chemical impurities.
"USEPA" or "EPA" means the United States Environmental Protection Agency.
"USEPA hazardous waste number" or "EPA hazardous waste number" means the number assigned by USEPA to each hazardous waste listed in Subpart D of 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721 and to each characteristic identified in Subpart C of 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721.
"USEPA identification number" or "USEPA ID number" is the unique alphanumeric identifier that USEPA assigns a hazardous waste generator; transporter; treatment, storage, or disposal facility; or reclamation facility upon notification complying with section 3010 of RCRAU.S.C..
"User of the Electronic Manifest System" or "user of the e-Manifest System" means a hazardous waste generator, a hazardous waste transporter, an owner or operator of a hazardous waste treatment, storage, recycling, or disposal facility, or any other person or entity that meets both of the following conditions:
The person or entity must use a manifest to comply with any federal or state requirement to track the shipment, transportation, and receipt of either of the following:
hazardous waste or other waste material that is shipped from the site of generation to an off-site designated facility for treatment, storage, recycling, or disposal; or
rejected wastes or regulated container residues that are shipped from a designated facility to an alternative facility, or returned to the generator; and
The person or entity elects to use either of the following:
the e-Manifest System to obtain, complete and transmit an e-Manifest format supplied by the USEPA e-Manifest System; or
the paper manifest form and submits to the e-Manifest System for data processing purposes a paper copy of the manifest (or data from the paper copy), in compliance with 35 Ill. Adm. Code 724.171(a)(2)(E) or 725.171(a)(2)(E).
A paper copy submitted for data processing purposes is submitted for data exchange purposes only and is not the official copy of record for legal purposes.
"USPS" means the United States Postal Service.
"Very small quantity generator" or "VSQG" means a generator that generates less than or equal to the following amounts of material in a calendar month:
100 kg (220 lbs) of nonacute hazardous waste;
1 kg (2.2 lbs) of acute hazardous waste listed in 35 Ill Adm. Code 721.131 or 721.133(e); and
100 kg (220 lbs) of any residue or contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into or on any land or water, of any acute hazardous waste listed in 35 Ill Adm. Code 721.131 or 721.133(e).
"Vessel" includes every description of watercraft used or capable of being used for transporting on the water.
"Wastewater treatment unit" means a device that:
Is part of a wastewater treatment facility that has an NPDES permit under 35 Ill. Adm. Code 309 or a pretreatment permit or authorization to discharge under 35 Ill. Adm. Code 310;
Receives and treats or stores an influent wastewater that is a hazardous waste as defined in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721.103, or generates and accumulates a wastewater treatment sludge that is a hazardous waste as defined in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721.103, or treats or stores a wastewater treatment sludge that is a hazardous waste as defined in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 721.103; and
Meets the definition of tank or tank system in this Section.
"Water (bulk shipment)" means transporting bulk hazardous waste loaded or carried on board a vessel without containers or labels.
"Well" means any shaft or pit dug or bored into the earth, generally of a cylindrical form, and often walled with bricks or tubing to prevent the earth from caving in.
"Well injection" means "underground injection".
"Wipe" means a woven or non-woven shop towel, rag, pad, or swab made of wood pulp, fabric, cotton, polyester blends, or other material.
"Zone of engineering control" means an area under the control of the owner or operator that, upon detecting a hazardous waste release, can be readily cleaned up prior to the release of hazardous waste or hazardous constituents to groundwater or surface water.
(Source: Amended at 48 Ill. Reg. 16776, effective November 7, 2024)